July 1, the “new energy automotive and IBM ThinkPad T41 Battery product manufacturers access management rules” (hereinafter referred to as “Rules”) into effect. The release of “rules” of the new energy automotive products broken down by skill level for the initial stage where the development period and the three stages of maturity, and the corresponding limit of the scope of its market, prices of cars have also been limited access.
“Rules” attached to the “new phase of automotive technology division of the energy table (December 31, 2010 applies)” will use nickel-metal hydride IBM ThinkPad T40 Battery and lead-acid battery hybrid passenger cars included in the mature stage. To lithium-ion batteries for hybrid-powered passenger cars, commercial vehicles and pure electric vehicles, is included in the development phase. Product development period to allow for mass production, but only approved the use of regional sales, and at least 20% of the products for real-time monitoring of running status; mature products and the same conventional automotive products can be used at the national sales. This means that in December 31, 2010, the assembly of hybrid lithium batteries and electric vehicles will be limited to sales territories.
From the planning to see the future in the new energy automotive focus on the development of lithium IBM Laptop Battery is the direction, but in the “planning” done a clear limit. In other words, to be Buffett’s bullish market has been the lost electric cars lithium battery Ni-MH battery in the hands of a hybrid! Ni-MH battery is really the future you will be able to be popular? For a time, become the focus of gossip to discuss.
Status:
According to the consultants for new energy sources, LI Sheng-mao auto industry researcher pointed out that the current driving force of new energy automobiles automotive lithium batteries have been the most promising development prospects, but the Department of Public Works this letter is not conducive to the development of a standard lithium cell vehicles across the country to promote universal and further said that this might be China’s new energy constraints of the overall development of the automobile industry.
Department of Public Works letter was optimistic about the nickel-metal hydride y9943, dell inspiron 630m battery itself has a certain degree of short-board. China Electrotechnical Society dedicated electric vehicles, director of technical service center Commission Tianshun Wang also said that while China was rich in hydrogen storage materials, but the extraction technology is not high, poor Laptop Battery consistency, technical problems, there has been no breakthrough, but the cost of nickel-hydrogen batteries have been home high.
Development:
Nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries in the battery market continues to occupy a large share of China’s annual output of nickel-metal hydride batteries has been growing steadily. 2006 Ni-MH battery production in China more than 960 million in 2007 to continue to produce more than 15% of the rate of growth, reaching about 1.1 billion. In the “rules” have been restricted since the lithium-ion dell inspiron 640m battery by Sony in 1992 since the industrialization, the global lithium-ion battery market to dominate the world from Japan. The year 2000, the Japanese lithium-ion Fujitsu FPCBP95 Battery production in the world accounting for more than 95% of the total output. In 2003, China’s battery production reached 26.2 billion, accounting for about half of global output over the battery, the Chinese have been manufacturing power and batteries to name but a few, the current battery production and exports are the highest in the world.
If the electric vehicle automotive oil after use of the mainstream, then the electric vehicle with lithium-ion batteries will certainly be popular, and in-depth aspects of lithium batteries R & D and investment in the future of the enterprise will become the giant auto parts industry, and may even change the world the pattern of auto parts suppliers. In recent years, the production of automotive lithium Fujitsu FPCBP63 Battery are not businesses in the global list of hundred auto parts, auto parts enterprises existing hundred only Bosch, the mainland group, Magna, Johnson Controls, Hitachi (automotive business ), such as lithium dell inspiron e1405 battery also attempt to occupy the leading position in the field, and most of the way through joint ventures or acquisitions to achieve the unfamiliar, but the huge market potential for control.
Trends:
For lack of independence, the core technology of automotive components in China, the hybrid / electric vehicle Fujitsu FPCBP68 Battery and electrical system, it is China-related enterprises have become the world’s leading providers of an important opportunity. In this regard, the Chinese enterprises and overseas there is no gap between the core technology components are now so large, nor abroad many years earlier than China. Coupled with the cost advantage of China itself, as well as in electric bicycle dell xps m140 battery(especially lithium batteries) has accumulated experience in China is entirely possible in the hybrid / electric vehicles using lithium Fujitsu FPCBP77 Battery to produce high value products and the possibility of occupying the most high-end technology.
Comment: Regardless of the development period or the maturity of the lithium battery of nickel-metal hydride batteries, new energy sources will be the protagonist of the vehicle’s power, perhaps the outcome of their energy from the new direction of development of motor vehicles to find the Fujitsu FPCBP80 Battery answers.
10/31/09
Battery Tender Plus
This time of year, most IBM Laptop Battery enthusiasts have put their summer toys away for the winter. Bikes, boats, RV’s and classic cars are all hunkered down for a long winter sleep, awaiting a spring awakening. One common element amongst all these playthings is the battery. A battery is a series of galvanic (voltaic) cells used for the production and storage of electricity. Batteries don’t last forever - their lifetimes are measured in cycles, or how many times they can be discharged and recharged. Maintaining the Laptop Battery and using the proper charger will dramatically increase its life, and when spring arrives you won’t have the click-click blues.
Deltran Corporation in Deland Florida, have been building and designing battery chargers for over 41 years. They have an extensive array of products from six-volt golf cart chargers, waterproof chargers for boat use and multi-bank style for charging up to four batteries at once. They recently sent me a Battery Tender Plus 12-volt for an evaluation.
In the package was the IBM ThinkPad R51 Battery Tender Plus, two quick connect harnesses, one with conventional clamps and one that can be permanently installed in your vehicle. Both harnesses come equipped with automotive type fuses for protection. These are good quality, heavy gauge copper components. The apple a1008 battery,apple a1012 battery Tender has diagnostic green and red lights that monitor every step of the charging process.
It first does an initialization: verifies appropriate battery voltage and ensures good electrical continuity between the charger and the battery. Secondly, it does a bulk charge to 80 per cent of full charge, it then does an absorption charge which conditions the battery and finally it goes into a float/maintenance mode. The unit also has temperature compensation which increases the output voltage in cold IBM ThinkPad R50 Battery climates.
Most automatic battery chargers turn off when apple a1022 battery,apple a1039 battery voltage rises or the charge current falls to a pre-set level. Then after a period of time the charger will turn on and recharge the battery. This type of cycling will reduce battery life. The Battery Tender Plus does not turn off. It automatically switches to a safe float voltage level that keeps the battery charged and yet does not do any harm to the IBM ThinkPad T43 Battery or cause any reduction in its useful life.
The battery in my sports car (1966 MGB) is located in a very awkward spot, making removing the battery for winter storage a real hassle. I installed the quick connect harness in a convenient spot and hooked up the charger. In a matter of a few hours the unit brought the voltage up and switched over to float mode. It can be left hooked up indefinitely with no harm to the charger or battery.
Next I hooked it up to my deep cycle RV IBM ThinkPad T42 Battery. It hadn’t been charged for a few months and had only ten volts left in it. It took the Battery Tender about six hours to fully charge and be ready to go.
This unit also works well for your daily driver, especially if it hasn’t been driven for a few days or weeks.
This is one of the smartest chargers available — good quality, well built and it comes with a 10 year warranty. The cost of the unit ($64.95 US) will quickly be saved by extending the life cycle of your IBM ThinkPad T41 Battery.
Deltran Corporation in Deland Florida, have been building and designing battery chargers for over 41 years. They have an extensive array of products from six-volt golf cart chargers, waterproof chargers for boat use and multi-bank style for charging up to four batteries at once. They recently sent me a Battery Tender Plus 12-volt for an evaluation.
In the package was the IBM ThinkPad R51 Battery Tender Plus, two quick connect harnesses, one with conventional clamps and one that can be permanently installed in your vehicle. Both harnesses come equipped with automotive type fuses for protection. These are good quality, heavy gauge copper components. The apple a1008 battery,apple a1012 battery Tender has diagnostic green and red lights that monitor every step of the charging process.
It first does an initialization: verifies appropriate battery voltage and ensures good electrical continuity between the charger and the battery. Secondly, it does a bulk charge to 80 per cent of full charge, it then does an absorption charge which conditions the battery and finally it goes into a float/maintenance mode. The unit also has temperature compensation which increases the output voltage in cold IBM ThinkPad R50 Battery climates.
Most automatic battery chargers turn off when apple a1022 battery,apple a1039 battery voltage rises or the charge current falls to a pre-set level. Then after a period of time the charger will turn on and recharge the battery. This type of cycling will reduce battery life. The Battery Tender Plus does not turn off. It automatically switches to a safe float voltage level that keeps the battery charged and yet does not do any harm to the IBM ThinkPad T43 Battery or cause any reduction in its useful life.
The battery in my sports car (1966 MGB) is located in a very awkward spot, making removing the battery for winter storage a real hassle. I installed the quick connect harness in a convenient spot and hooked up the charger. In a matter of a few hours the unit brought the voltage up and switched over to float mode. It can be left hooked up indefinitely with no harm to the charger or battery.
Next I hooked it up to my deep cycle RV IBM ThinkPad T42 Battery. It hadn’t been charged for a few months and had only ten volts left in it. It took the Battery Tender about six hours to fully charge and be ready to go.
This unit also works well for your daily driver, especially if it hasn’t been driven for a few days or weeks.
This is one of the smartest chargers available — good quality, well built and it comes with a 10 year warranty. The cost of the unit ($64.95 US) will quickly be saved by extending the life cycle of your IBM ThinkPad T41 Battery.
10/29/09
Single cell of a series of problems caused by inconsistent
Single cell of a series of problems caused by inconsistent
As indicated above, single cell voltage of 3.2V nominal resistance of 10mΩ, capacity of 10Ah, the figure shows the constant current charging phase, in which the internal resistance of the IBM Laptop Battery instead of AC resistance to DC resistance.
In an ideal state, is consistent between two monomers, then through the basic circuit operation can be attached to all of the battery voltage is: 3.2V +0.01 Ω × 2A = 3.22V, so there was no problem.
The actual production of batteries, the actual voltage of each DELL 08K8194 Battery has certain differences, there is a certain gap between the internal resistance in the battery charge power of 10% -90% battery state of charge and open circuit voltage of dc resistance changes in the value of the general is not will not produce any considerable change in the circuit between the battery voltage monomer more balanced. The most obvious changes in various parameters of the battery is charging late (SOC90% above) and the discharge end (SOC less than 10%), the IBM 92P1087 Battery voltage and DC resistance of significant changes will occur, and the different types of batteries are not the same magnitude of changes, which directly the expansion of the difference between the batteries, the voltage distribution is more uneven, and this uneven phenomenon in the early process of using the battery pack is not very clear, with the increase of cycles, the difference in the expansion, for instance, the first expanded to a battery internal resistance 30mΩ, such resistance is not within the relatively large numbers, but the battery voltage is more than other batteries out of 0.04V.
In the actual process of using single IBM 92P1089 Battery capacity gaps on the battery life impact is enormous, because the battery state of charge and internal resistance is most directly related to the process of charging, the other batteries are filled to 90% and a capacity of batteries is less than other batteries some, so that it can achieve the SOC is 95%, I look at a thin single charge and discharge curve, take a look at 90% and 95% in the end how much difference between the voltage:
This is a half-cell of the curve 0.15C, the actual batteries is much more than this to be ugly, especially in the late charge, the IBM 92P1101 Battery capacity of the differences between the minor differences can lead to the battery voltage of the huge differences between two monomers, when the capacity of the smallest full power to charge batteries when the cut-off voltage the resistance is much greater than other batteries (other batteries not fully charged), then we must stop constant current charging, otherwise it will overshoot, there should then be turned to constant voltage float into the state, but as long as there is current through the capacity of the battery voltage must be smaller than the other cells to be, thus can not continue to charge, so the capacity of the IBM 08K8192 Battery only in accordance with the smallest capacity batteries to determine.
There are the smallest capacity batteries discharge when the batteries are always the first to reach than other cut-off voltage, internal resistance than other batteries in turn lead to large voltage drop, creating a vicious circle! Therefore, the performance of the battery than the batteries that the worst is worse.
There are worse things are often the lowest-capacity IBM 08K8193 Battery during charging and discharging batteries would certainly be other burdens are heavy, he has to 0-100% charge and discharge cycles, while the other batteries are relatively light red light is put, we know that the work of high load will shorten the battery life significantly, when the capacity of the smallest battery performance up to a certain critical point, its performance will be showed a sharp decline and then an avalanche-type failure, the entire battery pack batteries due to the failure of the Overall scrap!
Even before assembly in the battery pack is very strictly limited to the capacity of matching IBM 08K8195 Battery and DC resistance, there is a problem is the consistency of charge and discharge curves, the battery is the work of the current series is the same, if the charge-discharge curves of a relatively large differences (including different magnification under the voltage plateau, the curve inflection point, etc.), the two ends of the battery voltage will be very different, although the short-term use of almost no impact, but the cumulative effect of long-term will make a good bad IBM 08K8214 Battery. In particular, under magnification at the same voltage - capacity curve of consistency, also called in a different magnification especially high magnification under the curve must also have a better consistency.
Therefore, to assemble a safe, durable and a good battery pack, the selection of matched pairs of batteries made a very high demand, while the battery pack for security reasons outside the control must be increased access circuit, to detect abnormal voltage of the monomer.
Battery requirement for consistency with the series is proportional to the number of IBM 92P1060 Battery, 36V or 48V battery voltage is easier to achieve a certain degree of consistency, but in electric vehicles, then, how have to have more than 180V DC voltage to drive motor in order to have better motivation and higher current efficiency, so it will require more than 56 cells in series, so much the probability of failure of the battery even higher.
On the one hand the use of high-voltage battery packs require a very high consistency of the battery, on the other manufacturing lithium-ion battery has many complex process steps, resulting in consistency is very difficult to control, this contradiction is constraining the development of lithium-ion battery power important one of the factors - not a long IBM FRU 08K8193 Battery life, rather than single cell itself impossible.
As indicated above, single cell voltage of 3.2V nominal resistance of 10mΩ, capacity of 10Ah, the figure shows the constant current charging phase, in which the internal resistance of the IBM Laptop Battery instead of AC resistance to DC resistance.
In an ideal state, is consistent between two monomers, then through the basic circuit operation can be attached to all of the battery voltage is: 3.2V +0.01 Ω × 2A = 3.22V, so there was no problem.
The actual production of batteries, the actual voltage of each DELL 08K8194 Battery has certain differences, there is a certain gap between the internal resistance in the battery charge power of 10% -90% battery state of charge and open circuit voltage of dc resistance changes in the value of the general is not will not produce any considerable change in the circuit between the battery voltage monomer more balanced. The most obvious changes in various parameters of the battery is charging late (SOC90% above) and the discharge end (SOC less than 10%), the IBM 92P1087 Battery voltage and DC resistance of significant changes will occur, and the different types of batteries are not the same magnitude of changes, which directly the expansion of the difference between the batteries, the voltage distribution is more uneven, and this uneven phenomenon in the early process of using the battery pack is not very clear, with the increase of cycles, the difference in the expansion, for instance, the first expanded to a battery internal resistance 30mΩ, such resistance is not within the relatively large numbers, but the battery voltage is more than other batteries out of 0.04V.
In the actual process of using single IBM 92P1089 Battery capacity gaps on the battery life impact is enormous, because the battery state of charge and internal resistance is most directly related to the process of charging, the other batteries are filled to 90% and a capacity of batteries is less than other batteries some, so that it can achieve the SOC is 95%, I look at a thin single charge and discharge curve, take a look at 90% and 95% in the end how much difference between the voltage:
This is a half-cell of the curve 0.15C, the actual batteries is much more than this to be ugly, especially in the late charge, the IBM 92P1101 Battery capacity of the differences between the minor differences can lead to the battery voltage of the huge differences between two monomers, when the capacity of the smallest full power to charge batteries when the cut-off voltage the resistance is much greater than other batteries (other batteries not fully charged), then we must stop constant current charging, otherwise it will overshoot, there should then be turned to constant voltage float into the state, but as long as there is current through the capacity of the battery voltage must be smaller than the other cells to be, thus can not continue to charge, so the capacity of the IBM 08K8192 Battery only in accordance with the smallest capacity batteries to determine.
There are the smallest capacity batteries discharge when the batteries are always the first to reach than other cut-off voltage, internal resistance than other batteries in turn lead to large voltage drop, creating a vicious circle! Therefore, the performance of the battery than the batteries that the worst is worse.
There are worse things are often the lowest-capacity IBM 08K8193 Battery during charging and discharging batteries would certainly be other burdens are heavy, he has to 0-100% charge and discharge cycles, while the other batteries are relatively light red light is put, we know that the work of high load will shorten the battery life significantly, when the capacity of the smallest battery performance up to a certain critical point, its performance will be showed a sharp decline and then an avalanche-type failure, the entire battery pack batteries due to the failure of the Overall scrap!
Even before assembly in the battery pack is very strictly limited to the capacity of matching IBM 08K8195 Battery and DC resistance, there is a problem is the consistency of charge and discharge curves, the battery is the work of the current series is the same, if the charge-discharge curves of a relatively large differences (including different magnification under the voltage plateau, the curve inflection point, etc.), the two ends of the battery voltage will be very different, although the short-term use of almost no impact, but the cumulative effect of long-term will make a good bad IBM 08K8214 Battery. In particular, under magnification at the same voltage - capacity curve of consistency, also called in a different magnification especially high magnification under the curve must also have a better consistency.
Therefore, to assemble a safe, durable and a good battery pack, the selection of matched pairs of batteries made a very high demand, while the battery pack for security reasons outside the control must be increased access circuit, to detect abnormal voltage of the monomer.
Battery requirement for consistency with the series is proportional to the number of IBM 92P1060 Battery, 36V or 48V battery voltage is easier to achieve a certain degree of consistency, but in electric vehicles, then, how have to have more than 180V DC voltage to drive motor in order to have better motivation and higher current efficiency, so it will require more than 56 cells in series, so much the probability of failure of the battery even higher.
On the one hand the use of high-voltage battery packs require a very high consistency of the battery, on the other manufacturing lithium-ion battery has many complex process steps, resulting in consistency is very difficult to control, this contradiction is constraining the development of lithium-ion battery power important one of the factors - not a long IBM FRU 08K8193 Battery life, rather than single cell itself impossible.
laptop Battery Knowledge
laptop Battery Knowledge
With regard to the memory effect: Ni-MH IBM 02K6928 Battery also has memory effect, but no significant nickel-cadmium batteries, the memory effect of the most obvious is the lithium battery. Memory effect is not obvious means you can charge several times, or even every charge there should not be too exhausted to fight on the impact. Therefore, the use of nickel-metal hydride batteries are used, generally without regard to discharge and direct IBM Laptop Battery recharge.
Of course, from the perspective of extending life, in the charging and discharging about 30-50 times, you can do a deep discharge, in order to return to maximum capacity. Discharge does not mean that then a small light bulbs do not shine until you can, because doing so often over-discharge, damage the battery. We all know that a nickel-metal hydride Laptop Battery rated voltage is at 1.2V, the time has just filled with electricity is actually more than this value, and is generally between 1.4-1.5V. With the use of, the voltage will gradually decrease, in general, the use of occasions, when the voltage drops below 1V, the on basic can not be used, for example, WALKMAN, CD DISKMAN, MD, MP3, DC and so on. You can test your "electric run out" of the battery voltage is. However, if the use of the occasion is a low-voltage, low current discharge will continue to use.
We are talking about generally refers to the depth of discharge voltage drops to between 0.85V-0.9V. Through low-voltage, low current discharge, to achieve this value when the nickel-metal hydride IBM ThinkPad R32 Battery (including Ni-Cd) can be restored to maximum capacity, to extend the service life. However, if it continues to discharge below 0.8V when the battery is likely to result in irreversible damage, but affect the battery life. Similarly, nickel-cadmium batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries are not recommended for remote control device like a small electrical current. Battery deep discharge better way is to buy a discharge function of a special charger or discharger. The most simple solution is to use these bulbs methods, but must always use the table read voltage value, once the danger zone stopped immediately. If it is in series, then simply multiplied by the IBM ThinkPad R40 Battery voltage value above the number on it.
Let me now do not have the battery on long-term conservation and restoration methods. Note that due to nickel-cadmium batteries and nickel-metal hydride battery characteristics because of their different preservation methods are also different. Nickel-cadmium batteries is to run out to save electricity, so we bought before the new nickel-cadmium batteries is a basic no electricity and need to reset their own. In general, use the correct charging method takes about 3-5 times in order to charge the battery discharge back to top condition. The nickel-metal hydride batteries to long-term preservation, it should be charged to 80% (which we all should be counted), and then save. That is why now buy a new nickel-metal IBM 92P1075 Battery power came back somewhat the reason why manufacturers have pre-charge, to prevent the transport cycle time too long, while the battery is affected. Long-term preservation of the nickel-metal hydride batteries, when I first power run out, and then the right way to charge-discharge 2-3 times it can be restored to the best of. Let me say on the charging issue. In fact, the most difficult to master is the correct charge. Charge from the charge current to points, a fast charge and slow charge difference. From the charging point of view, there is constant current IBM 08K8197 Battery charging and pulse charging the difference. Many people have asked this question, what is good or slow filling fast charge better. Then we first take a look at what is too fast or slow charge and what is sufficient. With a nominal capacity of the battery 1C, the 0.1-0.2C charge current is slow charge,> 0.2C for the fast-charge,> 0.8C for ultra-fast charging, <= 0.05C other hand, is trickle charge . With a 1400MAH Ni-MH battery, for example, the charge current between the 140MA-280MA for the slow charge, while the same 280MA charging current, battery 700MAH for a while is a fast charge. Thus, fast charge or slow charge is a relative concept, and the capacity of the IBM 08K8198 Battery itself has great relevance.
And then return to the previous question, what is good or fast slow good? In fact there's no fixed answer. Many people think that slow is good, that will hurt the battery charge faster. Fast charge will hurt the battery Mody? The answer is yes, but not because a lot of people think the "high current charging damage the battery." High-current is at best an accomplice, the real reason is that fever, due to high current caused by fever. Too high a temperature for a great impact on battery life. So large current is not so terrible headache is how to solve the heating problems. Here, it is necessary to introduce constant current charging and pulse charging concept. The slow filling, it is basically all of the chargers have adopted the constant current charging method, this circuit design is relatively simple, easy to implement. And because the charge current in the slow range and do not cause the IBM 08K8199 Battery overheating problems. By using fast-charge current issues, re-use constant current mode, no doubt can not avoid the battery overheating issue, so constant of the method was abandoned. Instead, the pulse mode can be seen from the waveform on the charge current output is not linear, but the sine wave. Peak, the current maximum, and then immediately into the trough, almost no current. This design is intended to allow the battery to have a recovery time, thus reducing the heat generated by high current, so that the battery heat control at an acceptable level. Now on the market to see rapid charger hundred yuan basically have adopted this approach. And such charger also used to determine the slope of the voltage delta to determine law or laws to determine whether the battery is full, once filled automatically turn to trickle charge, so as to avoid large current over time damage the IBM 92P1073 Battery. Well-known example is the comparison between netizens recommended fresh cattle KN5060 charger. The Chargers are in major electronics market, the basic rooms in the 65-70 win, is not very fine workmanship, but the result was good, belongs to a very high price products. Pulse mode to produce fast-charger is a good solution, but for some abnormal requirements, such as 1 hour quick charger, this time to adopt the ultra high-speed greater than 1C charge current to carry out charging, pulse method on insufficient. Is now used internationally are basically depolarization pulse method plus an integrated fashion.
Simply put, that is, based on the pulse method, when a sine wave in the upper half is completed, insert a short negative voltage of the cosine wave, to offset the excessive large amount of heat generated by the current (depolarization), thus the IBM 92P1077 Battery heat under control. This approach generally only in more specialized chargers, such as model aircraft used by the professional players use the charger. Such chargers are often can be done with the 2C-3C of the current on the battery charge time. Said these methods, from the perspective of battery life, slow constant-current charge is undoubtedly the best way to ensure battery life. However, time is money point of view, rapid charger savings benefits of the time, IBM 92P1102 Battery life than the damage the loss of about 10% larger. This is why fast-charger is very popular. Finally talk about chewing gum battery. Many MP3 players on the MD player that you do not make use of chewing gum batteries do otherwise, we were both playing time, how can so much worse. This idea is wrong, chewing gum battery is only a form of battery, in essence, remains a nickel-metal hydride batteries. In other words, a 1350MAH battery and one of the chewing gum on the 5th of 1350MAH Ni-MH battery playback is the same, no difference. In fact 5 nickel-metal hydride batteries have emerged 1800MAH capacity, far more than chewing gum battery. Gum battery production, is to do as far as possible the thin Walkman devices, on the 5th battery specifications do not thin, but 7 also sets the battery capacity of the small size, so small Japanese brought up this way, not because the gum battery capacity is particularly great. And the gum where there are nickel-metal hydride batteries and nickel cadmium difference between the early gum nickel-cadmium IBM 08K8196 Battery but only 600MAH, not now on the 7th largest 750MAH Ni-MH battery.
With regard to the memory effect: Ni-MH IBM 02K6928 Battery also has memory effect, but no significant nickel-cadmium batteries, the memory effect of the most obvious is the lithium battery. Memory effect is not obvious means you can charge several times, or even every charge there should not be too exhausted to fight on the impact. Therefore, the use of nickel-metal hydride batteries are used, generally without regard to discharge and direct IBM Laptop Battery recharge.
Of course, from the perspective of extending life, in the charging and discharging about 30-50 times, you can do a deep discharge, in order to return to maximum capacity. Discharge does not mean that then a small light bulbs do not shine until you can, because doing so often over-discharge, damage the battery. We all know that a nickel-metal hydride Laptop Battery rated voltage is at 1.2V, the time has just filled with electricity is actually more than this value, and is generally between 1.4-1.5V. With the use of, the voltage will gradually decrease, in general, the use of occasions, when the voltage drops below 1V, the on basic can not be used, for example, WALKMAN, CD DISKMAN, MD, MP3, DC and so on. You can test your "electric run out" of the battery voltage is. However, if the use of the occasion is a low-voltage, low current discharge will continue to use.
We are talking about generally refers to the depth of discharge voltage drops to between 0.85V-0.9V. Through low-voltage, low current discharge, to achieve this value when the nickel-metal hydride IBM ThinkPad R32 Battery (including Ni-Cd) can be restored to maximum capacity, to extend the service life. However, if it continues to discharge below 0.8V when the battery is likely to result in irreversible damage, but affect the battery life. Similarly, nickel-cadmium batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries are not recommended for remote control device like a small electrical current. Battery deep discharge better way is to buy a discharge function of a special charger or discharger. The most simple solution is to use these bulbs methods, but must always use the table read voltage value, once the danger zone stopped immediately. If it is in series, then simply multiplied by the IBM ThinkPad R40 Battery voltage value above the number on it.
Let me now do not have the battery on long-term conservation and restoration methods. Note that due to nickel-cadmium batteries and nickel-metal hydride battery characteristics because of their different preservation methods are also different. Nickel-cadmium batteries is to run out to save electricity, so we bought before the new nickel-cadmium batteries is a basic no electricity and need to reset their own. In general, use the correct charging method takes about 3-5 times in order to charge the battery discharge back to top condition. The nickel-metal hydride batteries to long-term preservation, it should be charged to 80% (which we all should be counted), and then save. That is why now buy a new nickel-metal IBM 92P1075 Battery power came back somewhat the reason why manufacturers have pre-charge, to prevent the transport cycle time too long, while the battery is affected. Long-term preservation of the nickel-metal hydride batteries, when I first power run out, and then the right way to charge-discharge 2-3 times it can be restored to the best of. Let me say on the charging issue. In fact, the most difficult to master is the correct charge. Charge from the charge current to points, a fast charge and slow charge difference. From the charging point of view, there is constant current IBM 08K8197 Battery charging and pulse charging the difference. Many people have asked this question, what is good or slow filling fast charge better. Then we first take a look at what is too fast or slow charge and what is sufficient. With a nominal capacity of the battery 1C, the 0.1-0.2C charge current is slow charge,> 0.2C for the fast-charge,> 0.8C for ultra-fast charging, <= 0.05C other hand, is trickle charge . With a 1400MAH Ni-MH battery, for example, the charge current between the 140MA-280MA for the slow charge, while the same 280MA charging current, battery 700MAH for a while is a fast charge. Thus, fast charge or slow charge is a relative concept, and the capacity of the IBM 08K8198 Battery itself has great relevance.
And then return to the previous question, what is good or fast slow good? In fact there's no fixed answer. Many people think that slow is good, that will hurt the battery charge faster. Fast charge will hurt the battery Mody? The answer is yes, but not because a lot of people think the "high current charging damage the battery." High-current is at best an accomplice, the real reason is that fever, due to high current caused by fever. Too high a temperature for a great impact on battery life. So large current is not so terrible headache is how to solve the heating problems. Here, it is necessary to introduce constant current charging and pulse charging concept. The slow filling, it is basically all of the chargers have adopted the constant current charging method, this circuit design is relatively simple, easy to implement. And because the charge current in the slow range and do not cause the IBM 08K8199 Battery overheating problems. By using fast-charge current issues, re-use constant current mode, no doubt can not avoid the battery overheating issue, so constant of the method was abandoned. Instead, the pulse mode can be seen from the waveform on the charge current output is not linear, but the sine wave. Peak, the current maximum, and then immediately into the trough, almost no current. This design is intended to allow the battery to have a recovery time, thus reducing the heat generated by high current, so that the battery heat control at an acceptable level. Now on the market to see rapid charger hundred yuan basically have adopted this approach. And such charger also used to determine the slope of the voltage delta to determine law or laws to determine whether the battery is full, once filled automatically turn to trickle charge, so as to avoid large current over time damage the IBM 92P1073 Battery. Well-known example is the comparison between netizens recommended fresh cattle KN5060 charger. The Chargers are in major electronics market, the basic rooms in the 65-70 win, is not very fine workmanship, but the result was good, belongs to a very high price products. Pulse mode to produce fast-charger is a good solution, but for some abnormal requirements, such as 1 hour quick charger, this time to adopt the ultra high-speed greater than 1C charge current to carry out charging, pulse method on insufficient. Is now used internationally are basically depolarization pulse method plus an integrated fashion.
Simply put, that is, based on the pulse method, when a sine wave in the upper half is completed, insert a short negative voltage of the cosine wave, to offset the excessive large amount of heat generated by the current (depolarization), thus the IBM 92P1077 Battery heat under control. This approach generally only in more specialized chargers, such as model aircraft used by the professional players use the charger. Such chargers are often can be done with the 2C-3C of the current on the battery charge time. Said these methods, from the perspective of battery life, slow constant-current charge is undoubtedly the best way to ensure battery life. However, time is money point of view, rapid charger savings benefits of the time, IBM 92P1102 Battery life than the damage the loss of about 10% larger. This is why fast-charger is very popular. Finally talk about chewing gum battery. Many MP3 players on the MD player that you do not make use of chewing gum batteries do otherwise, we were both playing time, how can so much worse. This idea is wrong, chewing gum battery is only a form of battery, in essence, remains a nickel-metal hydride batteries. In other words, a 1350MAH battery and one of the chewing gum on the 5th of 1350MAH Ni-MH battery playback is the same, no difference. In fact 5 nickel-metal hydride batteries have emerged 1800MAH capacity, far more than chewing gum battery. Gum battery production, is to do as far as possible the thin Walkman devices, on the 5th battery specifications do not thin, but 7 also sets the battery capacity of the small size, so small Japanese brought up this way, not because the gum battery capacity is particularly great. And the gum where there are nickel-metal hydride batteries and nickel cadmium difference between the early gum nickel-cadmium IBM 08K8196 Battery but only 600MAH, not now on the 7th largest 750MAH Ni-MH battery.
10/28/09
did your laptop data security
did your laptop data security
Referred to laptop data security, IBM Laptop Battery they will naturally think of the business secrets.
It is no exaggeration to say that commercial secrets related to the survival of an enterprise, once the leak would provide an opportunity to competitors, and even the devastating disaster. According to a survey by McAfee and Datamonitor, a third of the companies admitted participating in the survey, a significant security could lead to damage to the business completely to a Laptop Battery standstill.
While data security is a commonplace problem, but the business of information theft or loss is still frequent. Recently, the prosecution on suspicion of "the crime of violation of trade secrets," the Australian mining companies, four Chinese employees a formal arrest, is the most typical example.
It is learned that the world's third-largest mining IBM 40Y6797 Battery company, headquartered in Australia went so far as Rio Tinto Group, the Chinese steel industry has been under control of the most important secret! The reason is that "unauthorized" to many domestic steel companies or industries important to confidential data leaked to the Rio Tinto and other negotiating partners. China Institute of Contemporary International Relations Research Center, director of economic security, Yong Jiang pointed out that "China has entered the battle for business secrets Spy period of high, some foreign institutions and even the existence of other relevant national intelligence officer." This phenomenon is alarming, on the one hand, revealed some domestic enterprises for trade secret information, neglect the other hand, has also prompted Chinese enterprises and their business people to enhance data security protection IBM ThinkPad T60 Battery awareness, improve the anti-espionage measures are a priority.
At present, the notebook computer has become an indispensable tool for many businesses, the growing popularity of the Internet at the same time, hackers are all-pervasive, users are escalating data security requirements, more and more business people on the data presented a more extensive security requirements.
For data security issues, a number of countries have developed the relevant Data Protection Act in order to force enterprises to take safety measures to protect data security. This gives notebook PC manufacturers will provide IBM ThinkPad R60 Battery business opportunities. Some years ago, IBM, Fujitsu, Samsung, Acer and other manufacturers for their laptops on the product configuration of the fingerprint identification system. Lenovo acquisition of IBM PC, the idea of making the hardware layer, logic layer to the management, constitutes a "triple protection system" concept, have improved the CTPM security chip, a key NOVO Systems and many other security technologies, in order to create a trusted security platform LTT provides a reliable guarantee.
For business people, buying a notebook first thought is that the choice of what kind of products will be reliable. However, laptop makers, the need to advance innovation and to provide users with high security, high-quality IBM ThinkPad A21M Battery reliable products. Notebook computer itself is a product of technological innovation, with the continuing escalation of the security needs of the market, notebook security technology must also continue to make breakthroughs, not only to ensure the confidentiality of data storage is not leaking, but also ensure that users in any environment, mobile office did not to worry about.
In the business notebook market, Lenovo Zhaoyang K23 advent of new break new ground, in the physical security, identity security, system security, data security, network security, built five perfect protection system, emergence of the forward-looking Lenovo IBM ThinkPad A20M Battery security technology and reliability, be called the field of business notebooks classic.
Zhaoyang K23 security technology is by far the most comprehensive 12-inch business laptop, set the most advanced security technology in one, regardless of the screen or host, can be strongly protected. APS (Active Protection System) can be safe, after anti-shock and drop, anti-theft design can ensure that the data is not after laptop stolen from the "voyeuristic", a key recovery system new data rescue, system backup and restore functionality is completely worry operational errors. Even more remarkable is that you break even with the ability to fingerprint IBM ThinkPad A20 Battery K23 boot into the windows system can not find the owner's private space, the data have to be broken Xiangtou password. Therefore, Zhaoyang K23 privacy space known as "the strongest in the history of laptop computer security technology."
The high-end notebook with commercial-based pay more attention to product performance and quality, whether it is data security and confidentiality, or the fuselage of the earthquake, and drop and durable, its safety and reliability are vital for business people factor. Increasing competition in the commercial notebook market, Zhaoyang K23 layers of security deployed in the data, to provide an office for business weapon, is not only a major security technology innovation and breakthroughs, but also reflects a social IBM 02K7054 Battery responsibility.
Referred to laptop data security, IBM Laptop Battery they will naturally think of the business secrets.
It is no exaggeration to say that commercial secrets related to the survival of an enterprise, once the leak would provide an opportunity to competitors, and even the devastating disaster. According to a survey by McAfee and Datamonitor, a third of the companies admitted participating in the survey, a significant security could lead to damage to the business completely to a Laptop Battery standstill.
While data security is a commonplace problem, but the business of information theft or loss is still frequent. Recently, the prosecution on suspicion of "the crime of violation of trade secrets," the Australian mining companies, four Chinese employees a formal arrest, is the most typical example.
It is learned that the world's third-largest mining IBM 40Y6797 Battery company, headquartered in Australia went so far as Rio Tinto Group, the Chinese steel industry has been under control of the most important secret! The reason is that "unauthorized" to many domestic steel companies or industries important to confidential data leaked to the Rio Tinto and other negotiating partners. China Institute of Contemporary International Relations Research Center, director of economic security, Yong Jiang pointed out that "China has entered the battle for business secrets Spy period of high, some foreign institutions and even the existence of other relevant national intelligence officer." This phenomenon is alarming, on the one hand, revealed some domestic enterprises for trade secret information, neglect the other hand, has also prompted Chinese enterprises and their business people to enhance data security protection IBM ThinkPad T60 Battery awareness, improve the anti-espionage measures are a priority.
At present, the notebook computer has become an indispensable tool for many businesses, the growing popularity of the Internet at the same time, hackers are all-pervasive, users are escalating data security requirements, more and more business people on the data presented a more extensive security requirements.
For data security issues, a number of countries have developed the relevant Data Protection Act in order to force enterprises to take safety measures to protect data security. This gives notebook PC manufacturers will provide IBM ThinkPad R60 Battery business opportunities. Some years ago, IBM, Fujitsu, Samsung, Acer and other manufacturers for their laptops on the product configuration of the fingerprint identification system. Lenovo acquisition of IBM PC, the idea of making the hardware layer, logic layer to the management, constitutes a "triple protection system" concept, have improved the CTPM security chip, a key NOVO Systems and many other security technologies, in order to create a trusted security platform LTT provides a reliable guarantee.
For business people, buying a notebook first thought is that the choice of what kind of products will be reliable. However, laptop makers, the need to advance innovation and to provide users with high security, high-quality IBM ThinkPad A21M Battery reliable products. Notebook computer itself is a product of technological innovation, with the continuing escalation of the security needs of the market, notebook security technology must also continue to make breakthroughs, not only to ensure the confidentiality of data storage is not leaking, but also ensure that users in any environment, mobile office did not to worry about.
In the business notebook market, Lenovo Zhaoyang K23 advent of new break new ground, in the physical security, identity security, system security, data security, network security, built five perfect protection system, emergence of the forward-looking Lenovo IBM ThinkPad A20M Battery security technology and reliability, be called the field of business notebooks classic.
Zhaoyang K23 security technology is by far the most comprehensive 12-inch business laptop, set the most advanced security technology in one, regardless of the screen or host, can be strongly protected. APS (Active Protection System) can be safe, after anti-shock and drop, anti-theft design can ensure that the data is not after laptop stolen from the "voyeuristic", a key recovery system new data rescue, system backup and restore functionality is completely worry operational errors. Even more remarkable is that you break even with the ability to fingerprint IBM ThinkPad A20 Battery K23 boot into the windows system can not find the owner's private space, the data have to be broken Xiangtou password. Therefore, Zhaoyang K23 privacy space known as "the strongest in the history of laptop computer security technology."
The high-end notebook with commercial-based pay more attention to product performance and quality, whether it is data security and confidentiality, or the fuselage of the earthquake, and drop and durable, its safety and reliability are vital for business people factor. Increasing competition in the commercial notebook market, Zhaoyang K23 layers of security deployed in the data, to provide an office for business weapon, is not only a major security technology innovation and breakthroughs, but also reflects a social IBM 02K7054 Battery responsibility.
before you buy a laptop
before you buy a laptop
First, identifying needs and decide the IBM FRU 92P1167 Battery right budget, an idea and then shot. ~
Buy a notebook computer, you should first think about buying the main purpose of that? Is now nothing more than a few major applications, games, video and audio, daily office and professional software IBM Laptop Battery programming and so on, understand their needs, in order to determine what to buy the right kind. It was always thought that configuration before buying the higher the better, buy the most advanced, so that the slow phase-out, this idea is not desirable.
In the case of routine office-based, mainly for word processing and some simple pictures work on does not require high performance, CPU speed does not require too fast, but if the CPU is too fast to produce more unwanted heat, affects systems running Laptop Battery; discrete graphics and so there is no need to configure, it can only increase the cost of unnecessary.
If the main audio for the screen size will have a certain amount of consideration because the greater the effect of viewing the screen is relatively better, of course, but also a personal favorite. Another option for the CPU should be the mainstream option to configure the product, so that can guarantee high-definition video playback of fluency. For games and professional IBM ThinkPad X60 Battery programmers, they have one thing in common is that the machine's performance requirements are high, playing games that require high performance in order to run the game more smooth, professional programmers to program can be faster run, but there are different is that the notebook for playing games there for the graphics and screen requirements, generally requiring a separate graphics and large-size screen to ensure that the effect of the game, professional programming using laptop] this aspects not ask for much.
Prior to want to buy a good of their economic ability to pay IBM 02K7039 Battery and the cost of preparation is also very important, whether it is the economy strong or weak to bear both the need for prior economic budgets. For the financial ability of the users who do a good job spending the budget in advance, you can guarantee that you will not be selling dealer under the blind to buy the high IBM 02K6620 Battery profile of the product, spend a lot of money wasted, but also allows users to more rational treatment of their own buying behavior.
For the relatively poor economic capacity of users, the careful planning in advance is necessary, in the configuration good enough as far as possible, but not too reluctantly, as a result of the work is indeed necessary, to buy a notebook configured higher, even if have to borrow money from the budget a little more, or buy it back after the work does not meet your needs, resulting in low efficiency is worth the candle.
In addition, some users purchase notebook before the IBM 02K6928 Battery itself is ignorant, only temporary to buy time to find a computer that understands a friend go to purchase, this approach is not very appropriate, after all, your personal preferences friend no way to completely for you think of the individual to understand some basic common sense, for your purchase can play a better role. Before buying the best sites in the relevant product information on a clear understanding, such as Zhongguancun online, there is a very detailed product pricing and parameters, so select several alternative products, be aware of and will not be business-jae too hard a bargain.
For a real hard time buying businesses, but also should pay attention to IBM 02K6651 Battery when, first, should choose a regular dealer, whether it is store, 3C stores or online mall, is the choice, and for some non-formal channels, the sales person, a there is no guarantee for product quality, and secondly, there is no guarantee after-sales service, and sometimes tend to covet a little cheaper would self-inflicted great loss. Here I recommend a dealer Buynow Beijing flagship store in Beijing sky blue-Tech Co., Ltd, specialize in sales of computers and home theater more professional. Machines are Quanguolianbao of genuine online can be cash on delivery.
The time of purchase can generally bargain, this varies, in this not as the focus of discussion. On a good model for determining the price of the inspection, we should pay attention to key points include: packaging, including outer and inner IBM FRU 92P1137 Battery packaging, the packaging of the laptop itself whether there is a serious broken or damaged signs, within the packaging is taken apart; Appearance to carefully check the appearance of scratches, tighten screws have been signs of movement, you can also smell a smell of methods to determine whether the new machines, new machines have a unique taste left assembly plant.
Check the serial number is also an essential step in the serial number checking is done mainly outside the box serial number laptop serial number and the fuselage warranty serial number, BIOS serial number is in exactly the same, with or without alteration, replacement signs off, the four exactly the same as a serial number in order to basically eliminate the machines are assembled parallel or suspected IBM FRU 92P1141 Battery goods, and some brand of notebook computer [/ url] serial number via online inquiry to determine its authenticity.
A new laptop case inside apart from a laptop [/ url] things, often also comes with a number of software and hardware, warranty cards, manuals, if the time of the event can receive a number of promotional gifts, which we are paid take note of before, wanted to make sure what comes with which goods and gifts, and then check clear that there is no lack of things.
In addition, the service also in focus of attention when IBM FRU 92P1139 Battery buying links, although we do not want to buy the products there, but sometimes can not be avoided, so the after-sales service has also become a focus of the user are more problems. As the scope of after-sales service times are different in accordance with the provisions of the various companies carried out, choose a strong trusted brand is particularly important. After-sales service is mainly software and hardware warranty issues, on-site service time and maintenance capability is also an important aspect of a brand, in this respect, some domestic brands due to multiple networks, channels wide, but has done pretty IBM 40Y6799 Battery well.
First, identifying needs and decide the IBM FRU 92P1167 Battery right budget, an idea and then shot. ~
Buy a notebook computer, you should first think about buying the main purpose of that? Is now nothing more than a few major applications, games, video and audio, daily office and professional software IBM Laptop Battery programming and so on, understand their needs, in order to determine what to buy the right kind. It was always thought that configuration before buying the higher the better, buy the most advanced, so that the slow phase-out, this idea is not desirable.
In the case of routine office-based, mainly for word processing and some simple pictures work on does not require high performance, CPU speed does not require too fast, but if the CPU is too fast to produce more unwanted heat, affects systems running Laptop Battery; discrete graphics and so there is no need to configure, it can only increase the cost of unnecessary.
If the main audio for the screen size will have a certain amount of consideration because the greater the effect of viewing the screen is relatively better, of course, but also a personal favorite. Another option for the CPU should be the mainstream option to configure the product, so that can guarantee high-definition video playback of fluency. For games and professional IBM ThinkPad X60 Battery programmers, they have one thing in common is that the machine's performance requirements are high, playing games that require high performance in order to run the game more smooth, professional programmers to program can be faster run, but there are different is that the notebook for playing games there for the graphics and screen requirements, generally requiring a separate graphics and large-size screen to ensure that the effect of the game, professional programming using laptop] this aspects not ask for much.
Prior to want to buy a good of their economic ability to pay IBM 02K7039 Battery and the cost of preparation is also very important, whether it is the economy strong or weak to bear both the need for prior economic budgets. For the financial ability of the users who do a good job spending the budget in advance, you can guarantee that you will not be selling dealer under the blind to buy the high IBM 02K6620 Battery profile of the product, spend a lot of money wasted, but also allows users to more rational treatment of their own buying behavior.
For the relatively poor economic capacity of users, the careful planning in advance is necessary, in the configuration good enough as far as possible, but not too reluctantly, as a result of the work is indeed necessary, to buy a notebook configured higher, even if have to borrow money from the budget a little more, or buy it back after the work does not meet your needs, resulting in low efficiency is worth the candle.
In addition, some users purchase notebook before the IBM 02K6928 Battery itself is ignorant, only temporary to buy time to find a computer that understands a friend go to purchase, this approach is not very appropriate, after all, your personal preferences friend no way to completely for you think of the individual to understand some basic common sense, for your purchase can play a better role. Before buying the best sites in the relevant product information on a clear understanding, such as Zhongguancun online, there is a very detailed product pricing and parameters, so select several alternative products, be aware of and will not be business-jae too hard a bargain.
For a real hard time buying businesses, but also should pay attention to IBM 02K6651 Battery when, first, should choose a regular dealer, whether it is store, 3C stores or online mall, is the choice, and for some non-formal channels, the sales person, a there is no guarantee for product quality, and secondly, there is no guarantee after-sales service, and sometimes tend to covet a little cheaper would self-inflicted great loss. Here I recommend a dealer Buynow Beijing flagship store in Beijing sky blue-Tech Co., Ltd, specialize in sales of computers and home theater more professional. Machines are Quanguolianbao of genuine online can be cash on delivery.
The time of purchase can generally bargain, this varies, in this not as the focus of discussion. On a good model for determining the price of the inspection, we should pay attention to key points include: packaging, including outer and inner IBM FRU 92P1137 Battery packaging, the packaging of the laptop itself whether there is a serious broken or damaged signs, within the packaging is taken apart; Appearance to carefully check the appearance of scratches, tighten screws have been signs of movement, you can also smell a smell of methods to determine whether the new machines, new machines have a unique taste left assembly plant.
Check the serial number is also an essential step in the serial number checking is done mainly outside the box serial number laptop serial number and the fuselage warranty serial number, BIOS serial number is in exactly the same, with or without alteration, replacement signs off, the four exactly the same as a serial number in order to basically eliminate the machines are assembled parallel or suspected IBM FRU 92P1141 Battery goods, and some brand of notebook computer [/ url] serial number via online inquiry to determine its authenticity.
A new laptop case inside apart from a laptop [/ url] things, often also comes with a number of software and hardware, warranty cards, manuals, if the time of the event can receive a number of promotional gifts, which we are paid take note of before, wanted to make sure what comes with which goods and gifts, and then check clear that there is no lack of things.
In addition, the service also in focus of attention when IBM FRU 92P1139 Battery buying links, although we do not want to buy the products there, but sometimes can not be avoided, so the after-sales service has also become a focus of the user are more problems. As the scope of after-sales service times are different in accordance with the provisions of the various companies carried out, choose a strong trusted brand is particularly important. After-sales service is mainly software and hardware warranty issues, on-site service time and maintenance capability is also an important aspect of a brand, in this respect, some domestic brands due to multiple networks, channels wide, but has done pretty IBM 40Y6799 Battery well.
10/27/09
laptop computer repair
laptop computer repair
A first Compaq Laptop Battery investigation, after the familiar
Maintenance, we must first understand the use of the computer failure occurred when the situation and the previous state of repair, the failure to understand the specific event of failure phenomena and the use of hardware and software environment in order to prescribe the right Laptop Battery medicine. In addition, the maintenance of their computer before the computer should be better understanding of their hardware and software configuration and have useful life, etc., a definite purpose.
Second, opportunities, in the later machine
For the host or display does not appear fault light notebook computer Compaq Presario 1700 Battery, etc. should first check the laptop power supply part of the external parts, especially the machines outside some of the switches, sockets whether the open circuit, short circuit phenomena, do not think that these are not crucial for the small office Practice has proved that many users of computer failures are the result from the problems. When a confirmed normal external parts, and then other testing.
3, first mechanical, electrical, after
As the notebook is equipped with the Compaq Presario 900 Battery particularity required for the assembly of various components is very fine, improper installation can cause many problems, so first check whether the assembly of mechanical failure and then check whether the electrical failure was the general principles of maintenance of computers.
4, first the software after the hardware
First fix bugs and then ruled out hardware problems, this is an important principle in computer Compaq Presario 700 Battery repair. During maintenance work should pay attention to the user's software environment and our standard of What's the difference, is not what the industry recognized the use of non-compliant software, the system starts with no problem, we must first rule out software problems and then proceed to hardware maintenance. Such as the WINDOWS system software is damaged or missing may result in crash failures arise, since the system boot is a step by step process, which can not be a part of the error, if there is damage to the implementation of the file or the driver, the system will be dead in the这里. But the computer itself, the various components of the problem, the interface connectors poor contact problems, hardware problems, such as setting BIOS, the driver is perfect, and system compatibility, hardware, the stability of power supply equipment, as well as between the components the compatibility of anti-interference, and so the outside world may also lead to the production of computer hardware crash failures. We should start with the maintenance of software and then proceed to consider the Compaq Presario 1800 Battery hardware.
5, first cleaning, post-repair
If you have already opened her notebook computer, notebook computer checking the internal components, they would first focus on to see if the machine is clean, if we find the machine each component, lead, walking between the lines and finger dust, dirt, spider's web, or excess solder , welding oil, should be removed, a further overhaul, both to the reduction of natural failures, but also to achieve a multiplier effect. Practice shows that many problems are caused because of Compaq Presario 1200 Battery dirty, and a failure by the cleaning will often go away.
6, first power supply, after the machine
Power is the heart of notebook computers and accessories, if the power is not normal, we can not ensure the normal operation of other parts, there can be no check other failures. If you encounter without electricity and power failures related to fault detection of power supply should first consider the correctness of, including the battery whether there is electricity, if the external power adapter, to test socket is intact, the power adapter Compaq EVO N620C Battery output voltage and current whether it is the requirements of this model notebook computers and power DC panel are normal.
7, first common problem, after a special
According to the common characteristics of notebook computer failures and the failure of the various machine types unique to the phenomenon, first rule out the universality and the regularity with common faults, and then go check the specific Compaq EVO N610C Battery failure, in order to gradually narrow the scope of failure, from surface to the point, shorten repair time.
8, first the external, after the internal
As the laptop itself in the particularity of disassembly may be different models in the same part of the difficulty of dismantling the difference is very large, therefore, we maintain flexibility in the use of time to not blindly stick to conventions in the detection of the time from the simple easy to check the parts begin to solve the problem based on ideas, flexible use, better for Compaq EVO N600C Battery customer service.
A first Compaq Laptop Battery investigation, after the familiar
Maintenance, we must first understand the use of the computer failure occurred when the situation and the previous state of repair, the failure to understand the specific event of failure phenomena and the use of hardware and software environment in order to prescribe the right Laptop Battery medicine. In addition, the maintenance of their computer before the computer should be better understanding of their hardware and software configuration and have useful life, etc., a definite purpose.
Second, opportunities, in the later machine
For the host or display does not appear fault light notebook computer Compaq Presario 1700 Battery, etc. should first check the laptop power supply part of the external parts, especially the machines outside some of the switches, sockets whether the open circuit, short circuit phenomena, do not think that these are not crucial for the small office Practice has proved that many users of computer failures are the result from the problems. When a confirmed normal external parts, and then other testing.
3, first mechanical, electrical, after
As the notebook is equipped with the Compaq Presario 900 Battery particularity required for the assembly of various components is very fine, improper installation can cause many problems, so first check whether the assembly of mechanical failure and then check whether the electrical failure was the general principles of maintenance of computers.
4, first the software after the hardware
First fix bugs and then ruled out hardware problems, this is an important principle in computer Compaq Presario 700 Battery repair. During maintenance work should pay attention to the user's software environment and our standard of What's the difference, is not what the industry recognized the use of non-compliant software, the system starts with no problem, we must first rule out software problems and then proceed to hardware maintenance. Such as the WINDOWS system software is damaged or missing may result in crash failures arise, since the system boot is a step by step process, which can not be a part of the error, if there is damage to the implementation of the file or the driver, the system will be dead in the这里. But the computer itself, the various components of the problem, the interface connectors poor contact problems, hardware problems, such as setting BIOS, the driver is perfect, and system compatibility, hardware, the stability of power supply equipment, as well as between the components the compatibility of anti-interference, and so the outside world may also lead to the production of computer hardware crash failures. We should start with the maintenance of software and then proceed to consider the Compaq Presario 1800 Battery hardware.
5, first cleaning, post-repair
If you have already opened her notebook computer, notebook computer checking the internal components, they would first focus on to see if the machine is clean, if we find the machine each component, lead, walking between the lines and finger dust, dirt, spider's web, or excess solder , welding oil, should be removed, a further overhaul, both to the reduction of natural failures, but also to achieve a multiplier effect. Practice shows that many problems are caused because of Compaq Presario 1200 Battery dirty, and a failure by the cleaning will often go away.
6, first power supply, after the machine
Power is the heart of notebook computers and accessories, if the power is not normal, we can not ensure the normal operation of other parts, there can be no check other failures. If you encounter without electricity and power failures related to fault detection of power supply should first consider the correctness of, including the battery whether there is electricity, if the external power adapter, to test socket is intact, the power adapter Compaq EVO N620C Battery output voltage and current whether it is the requirements of this model notebook computers and power DC panel are normal.
7, first common problem, after a special
According to the common characteristics of notebook computer failures and the failure of the various machine types unique to the phenomenon, first rule out the universality and the regularity with common faults, and then go check the specific Compaq EVO N610C Battery failure, in order to gradually narrow the scope of failure, from surface to the point, shorten repair time.
8, first the external, after the internal
As the laptop itself in the particularity of disassembly may be different models in the same part of the difficulty of dismantling the difference is very large, therefore, we maintain flexibility in the use of time to not blindly stick to conventions in the detection of the time from the simple easy to check the parts begin to solve the problem based on ideas, flexible use, better for Compaq EVO N600C Battery customer service.
Mainstream notebook processor naming and positioning
Mainstream notebook processor naming and positioning
When we go to the market when buying notebooks Compaq EVO N410c Battery, the total sales and like a few endless, like flies around you Huyou, "buddy take a look at Sony, Asus, Lenovo, and the same side ...", or is continuing to introduce you to a certain section book is "substantially independent, dual-core, xx-inch screen," but in fact these are not is to determine the nature of product performance and notebook is the core component processors, and comes notebook Compaq EVO N400c Battery processor, the have to mention Intel, because of its mobile performance and power consumption on a significant lead, the vast majority of notebooks currently on the market are based on Intel processors, but because the whole product range, model number, plus a number of distribution Huyou operators, many readers are Yuncai, in order to help people better buy notebooks, paper for everyone today detailed brief mainstream Intel mobile CPU naming and positioning products.
Intel's notebook processor product line in Compaq Armada M700 Battery accordance with two different standards for classification, a standard model of horizontal, one vertical brand standards, indicate the following:
Note: L & SL = Low voltage 15W - 17W
U & SU - Ultr-low voltage 5.5W-10W recommends this table by L / SL and the U / SU Classification
The yellow line that applies the series brands, such as P and T series of processors, according to a different frequency or a second-level cache, respectively hit or Pentium Core 2 Duo brand.
Brand standards from the vertical Compaq Laptop Battery view, we can use simple words to sum it up: Getting Started Celeron, Pentium better, Core Duo and Core 2 Duo is best. Of each brand's label usually attached to the laptop's keyboard part at the end of care, if you saw in the market did not paste them in Eighty per cent of that Big Brother has experienced cottage.
Can join the Celeron, Pentium, Core 2 Duo version of the new logo of the horizontal
Again from the horizontal processor model standards. We must first explain, Intel's model is a letter plus four numbers of the form: AXXXX, where A representative of the letters, XXXX on behalf of the figures
(Note: The Celeron is a letter plus four figures: such as Laptop Battery T3000, T31000!)
Here to talk about processor model. Is the most high-end Core 2 quad-core products, is characterized by a high frequency buffer suited for a high-performance office and entertainment applications, as well as inconvenient to use desktop gamers. Is used to mark the four core letters are Q, or QX. Q is the Quad four-core, X on behalf of Extreme Extreme Edition, a higher performance than Q. In addition, marked with X, the processor is not locked multiplier, OEM manufacturers may be some custom models, users can choose their own overclocking.
The market is the more common T, P, SP, SU, and SL, and non-letter ID, and only three-digit number of the series.
T or P series, from the 3000-9000 series there. T and P are the IBM FRU 92P1121 Battery standard voltage, the difference is that P Series and power optimization, its TDP is only 25W, and T are 35W. The major difference between them is that the cache size, high and low frequency, as well as the different FSB frequencies. One 800MHz front side bus, including the T6000 series T3000 series, P7350 are up from 1066MHz to. The 9000 series of second-level cache are 6M, 2 cache and frequency of things like this are the higher the better, it can greatly enhance the processor core and memory efficiency of communications between the.
If we consider energy-saving performance, intel as well as IBM FRU 92P1125 Battery low voltage and ultra low voltage products, at the beginning of numbers, including U, L, SU, SL four kinds of the current common are SU and SL. Including Apple MacBook Air, Dell Adamo to 4,000 pluralistic Acer 3810T are using the series CPU. Stage low-voltage CPU has been upgraded from a 65nm process to 45nm, FSB has also pulled up to 800MHz, the current series cover the Core Duo, Core 2 Duo, Pentium and Celeron (Celeron Ultra Low Voltage processor numbers without letters, numbers, numbers yes 723) the three major brands, into a machine prices from more than 4000 to the tens of thousands of pieces have to meet the needs of different users.
Finally, Celeron brand-specific three-digit number, it is positioned as entry-level, is characterized by front-side bus, cache and are not large, frequency is not high, but at least adopt the same industry-leading 45-nanometer technology generation, based on the advanced Intel IBM 40Y6793 Battery architecture, in addition to low prices. Example Celeron 900 specifications: 1M cache, 800MHz FSB, 2.2G frequency. .
(Note: The Celeron brand consists of two parts for the T1600/T1700 mainstream dual-core 45nm, and the latest dual-core T3000/T3100 is 45nm. Three-digit number of the Celeron is a single-core, low price and is now on the market, but very few of the .)
These numbers and figures seem cumbersome, but a closer look after the notebook market will be aware of the current processor performance specifications, the choice of processor time, the higher the brand, the better the performance, in general, the power control is also Better (for example, power control technology used in more), so it does not mean high-performance power-hungry, which is Intel's notebook processors, a distinctive feature. Of course, top-Q IBM ThinkPad Z61t Battery and QX is too powerful, and power consumption to be significantly increased. In the same brand, the higher the number the back that the better the performance.
In short, therefore, to identify the processor's strong or not, you can first look at brand, choose the right brand and then select the number. Probably the delineation of the two models after three processors, then a detailed comparison of these types of indicators, so go to the market will not be purchasing the JS Huyou.
Of course, we also said earlier, Intel's notebook processors, high performance, good heat dissipation, low power consumption, and the model number, today we have just introduced the product number rules, the next one, we will introduce a "fool Tutorial "for an analysis of what kind of IBM ThinkPad Z60t Battery people what kind of products.
When we go to the market when buying notebooks Compaq EVO N410c Battery, the total sales and like a few endless, like flies around you Huyou, "buddy take a look at Sony, Asus, Lenovo, and the same side ...", or is continuing to introduce you to a certain section book is "substantially independent, dual-core, xx-inch screen," but in fact these are not is to determine the nature of product performance and notebook is the core component processors, and comes notebook Compaq EVO N400c Battery processor, the have to mention Intel, because of its mobile performance and power consumption on a significant lead, the vast majority of notebooks currently on the market are based on Intel processors, but because the whole product range, model number, plus a number of distribution Huyou operators, many readers are Yuncai, in order to help people better buy notebooks, paper for everyone today detailed brief mainstream Intel mobile CPU naming and positioning products.
Intel's notebook processor product line in Compaq Armada M700 Battery accordance with two different standards for classification, a standard model of horizontal, one vertical brand standards, indicate the following:
Note: L & SL = Low voltage 15W - 17W
U & SU - Ultr-low voltage 5.5W-10W recommends this table by L / SL and the U / SU Classification
The yellow line that applies the series brands, such as P and T series of processors, according to a different frequency or a second-level cache, respectively hit or Pentium Core 2 Duo brand.
Brand standards from the vertical Compaq Laptop Battery view, we can use simple words to sum it up: Getting Started Celeron, Pentium better, Core Duo and Core 2 Duo is best. Of each brand's label usually attached to the laptop's keyboard part at the end of care, if you saw in the market did not paste them in Eighty per cent of that Big Brother has experienced cottage.
Can join the Celeron, Pentium, Core 2 Duo version of the new logo of the horizontal
Again from the horizontal processor model standards. We must first explain, Intel's model is a letter plus four numbers of the form: AXXXX, where A representative of the letters, XXXX on behalf of the figures
(Note: The Celeron is a letter plus four figures: such as Laptop Battery T3000, T31000!)
Here to talk about processor model. Is the most high-end Core 2 quad-core products, is characterized by a high frequency buffer suited for a high-performance office and entertainment applications, as well as inconvenient to use desktop gamers. Is used to mark the four core letters are Q, or QX. Q is the Quad four-core, X on behalf of Extreme Extreme Edition, a higher performance than Q. In addition, marked with X, the processor is not locked multiplier, OEM manufacturers may be some custom models, users can choose their own overclocking.
The market is the more common T, P, SP, SU, and SL, and non-letter ID, and only three-digit number of the series.
T or P series, from the 3000-9000 series there. T and P are the IBM FRU 92P1121 Battery standard voltage, the difference is that P Series and power optimization, its TDP is only 25W, and T are 35W. The major difference between them is that the cache size, high and low frequency, as well as the different FSB frequencies. One 800MHz front side bus, including the T6000 series T3000 series, P7350 are up from 1066MHz to. The 9000 series of second-level cache are 6M, 2 cache and frequency of things like this are the higher the better, it can greatly enhance the processor core and memory efficiency of communications between the.
If we consider energy-saving performance, intel as well as IBM FRU 92P1125 Battery low voltage and ultra low voltage products, at the beginning of numbers, including U, L, SU, SL four kinds of the current common are SU and SL. Including Apple MacBook Air, Dell Adamo to 4,000 pluralistic Acer 3810T are using the series CPU. Stage low-voltage CPU has been upgraded from a 65nm process to 45nm, FSB has also pulled up to 800MHz, the current series cover the Core Duo, Core 2 Duo, Pentium and Celeron (Celeron Ultra Low Voltage processor numbers without letters, numbers, numbers yes 723) the three major brands, into a machine prices from more than 4000 to the tens of thousands of pieces have to meet the needs of different users.
Finally, Celeron brand-specific three-digit number, it is positioned as entry-level, is characterized by front-side bus, cache and are not large, frequency is not high, but at least adopt the same industry-leading 45-nanometer technology generation, based on the advanced Intel IBM 40Y6793 Battery architecture, in addition to low prices. Example Celeron 900 specifications: 1M cache, 800MHz FSB, 2.2G frequency. .
(Note: The Celeron brand consists of two parts for the T1600/T1700 mainstream dual-core 45nm, and the latest dual-core T3000/T3100 is 45nm. Three-digit number of the Celeron is a single-core, low price and is now on the market, but very few of the .)
These numbers and figures seem cumbersome, but a closer look after the notebook market will be aware of the current processor performance specifications, the choice of processor time, the higher the brand, the better the performance, in general, the power control is also Better (for example, power control technology used in more), so it does not mean high-performance power-hungry, which is Intel's notebook processors, a distinctive feature. Of course, top-Q IBM ThinkPad Z61t Battery and QX is too powerful, and power consumption to be significantly increased. In the same brand, the higher the number the back that the better the performance.
In short, therefore, to identify the processor's strong or not, you can first look at brand, choose the right brand and then select the number. Probably the delineation of the two models after three processors, then a detailed comparison of these types of indicators, so go to the market will not be purchasing the JS Huyou.
Of course, we also said earlier, Intel's notebook processors, high performance, good heat dissipation, low power consumption, and the model number, today we have just introduced the product number rules, the next one, we will introduce a "fool Tutorial "for an analysis of what kind of IBM ThinkPad Z60t Battery people what kind of products.
10/26/09
why your laptops can't start
why your laptops can't start
First, we first check whether the power adapter Apple Laptop Battery voltage output (typically the DC power supply for laptop: Toshiba 15V, IBM 16V,, Compaq 18.5V, the majority of 19V, DELL 20V, mobile PC typically 12V), and if so, further investigation generates 12V, 5V, 3.3V power supply chips with or without base voltage and standby voltage of 5V, there is the battery charger has no electricity, CPU power circuitry have 3.3V power supply, there is no reference Laptop Battery voltage, Power Management IC side through the FET gate drive, whether high or low power, it was not prepared according to standby, do not have insurance check resistors are not bad, as well as filter capacitor, there is no bad!
For battery charging and dissatisfaction with electricity, but also decided that the battery is good, most likely the following situations, for reference:
1. The early termination of the charging circuit
2. MOSFET and boost capacitor damage
3. Chip control parameters for a bad cause, only for the Apple A1175 Battery chips
If discharge can not be charging boost capacitors and FET no bad, only for the chips. . Chip is not easy in general bad. .
Does not boot failure:
1 to see if there is no obvious visible failures. If there is no place burned, deformation, crack and so on. Smell there is no place to paste a burnt taste.
2, start to listen to there normal or abnormal sound from over there.
3, detection in the absence of specialized tools can only be Apple A1185 Battery the case whether the blown resistance multimeter Cece insurance, there are no obvious short-circuit and so on. CPU, memory is not good contact and so can Cece. Note that when power can not be artificially caused by short circuit damage.
Screen display is not normal:
Failure appears to be from the screen or the screen wire may be problems:
1, check power supply on the motherboard screen is normal, the voltage a few volts usually 1:00, 2:00 a few volts, 3 points a few volts. IBM machine because of high-voltage power supply board are, and on the LCD screen with a data line, so there are several groups of a few volts for Apple M9324 Battery the 5-point, 10-volt or so voltage.
2, if there is electricity, check the screen then import Office, with the multimeter to the amount of voltage. Voltage value above! If you do not have voltage is a line on the screen is certainly fault. For a screen line or a line with the same pressure line can fly, if you can be able to troubleshooting. If you still fail to exist, the screen may also be defective, and that is rare, very few exist!!! To determine the voltage to the screen to Apple M8403 Battery, normal, will have to repair the screen. On-screen signal processing on blocks of micro-chip. The chip with an oscilloscope to see the waveform after processing is correct, sub-three walk (1), if substandard, you can change block of the same model chip. If combined, they check the surrounding capacitors. Second, if does not work, only for block-screen, and because it is the pressure line loose screen. Third, if there is no electricity, will have to check whether the graphics output voltage stability, this part of the voltage to a signal processing chip, and then output to the screen line. If you still voltage or Apple M7318 Battery normal, we can determine is a piece of chip failure. In exchange for the same model chip can have a voltage output to the screen the line, after which you can then check the same with the second.
Motherboard Power Failure:
First, check the motherboard does not power on, measure the power management chip 1632 or 1631 (most of these two chips) and fifth legs have 5 volts, 21,22 feet have 16 volts and 5 volts. See if there is 2951 in this eight-legged film Cece he has 5 apple PowerBook G3 Battery volts.
Does not boot repair methods:
1. To exclude power outlet, the module loose their connections and attachments on the motherboard, cpu loose. Cold solder joint and so on.
2. Check the main power supply fuses, it Apple PowerBook G4 Battery burned, if burning or play a positive resistance value can not be too small or short-circuit response can be ignored! (Excluding electrical fault isolation to enter the next step)
3. Measurement, 3.3v/5v Generation Circuit / cpu the main power supply circuit / battery charging circuit whether the supply voltage = adapter voltage without the corresponding circuit repair.
4. Power On Button
5. Normal supply of electricity should just take a look at the clock circuit is no electricity for more than Apple PowerBook G4 15inch Battery PII machines generally have two power supply 3.3v 2.5 from 3.3v/5v generating circuit and the outer core cpu voltage generator) to find the edge of the circuit test points The chip capacitor. 5. Comparison of headache did not chip reset circuit is not easy to find information on the hard drive on the pc card slot to use the reset pin (do not tell me you do not know what!!!) simple judgments about the whole thing
6. Essentially, it powered the clock reset to normal we will have to refresh BIOS, but the brush must be backed up Apple A1012 Battery before ah.
First, we first check whether the power adapter Apple Laptop Battery voltage output (typically the DC power supply for laptop: Toshiba 15V, IBM 16V,, Compaq 18.5V, the majority of 19V, DELL 20V, mobile PC typically 12V), and if so, further investigation generates 12V, 5V, 3.3V power supply chips with or without base voltage and standby voltage of 5V, there is the battery charger has no electricity, CPU power circuitry have 3.3V power supply, there is no reference Laptop Battery voltage, Power Management IC side through the FET gate drive, whether high or low power, it was not prepared according to standby, do not have insurance check resistors are not bad, as well as filter capacitor, there is no bad!
For battery charging and dissatisfaction with electricity, but also decided that the battery is good, most likely the following situations, for reference:
1. The early termination of the charging circuit
2. MOSFET and boost capacitor damage
3. Chip control parameters for a bad cause, only for the Apple A1175 Battery chips
If discharge can not be charging boost capacitors and FET no bad, only for the chips. . Chip is not easy in general bad. .
Does not boot failure:
1 to see if there is no obvious visible failures. If there is no place burned, deformation, crack and so on. Smell there is no place to paste a burnt taste.
2, start to listen to there normal or abnormal sound from over there.
3, detection in the absence of specialized tools can only be Apple A1185 Battery the case whether the blown resistance multimeter Cece insurance, there are no obvious short-circuit and so on. CPU, memory is not good contact and so can Cece. Note that when power can not be artificially caused by short circuit damage.
Screen display is not normal:
Failure appears to be from the screen or the screen wire may be problems:
1, check power supply on the motherboard screen is normal, the voltage a few volts usually 1:00, 2:00 a few volts, 3 points a few volts. IBM machine because of high-voltage power supply board are, and on the LCD screen with a data line, so there are several groups of a few volts for Apple M9324 Battery the 5-point, 10-volt or so voltage.
2, if there is electricity, check the screen then import Office, with the multimeter to the amount of voltage. Voltage value above! If you do not have voltage is a line on the screen is certainly fault. For a screen line or a line with the same pressure line can fly, if you can be able to troubleshooting. If you still fail to exist, the screen may also be defective, and that is rare, very few exist!!! To determine the voltage to the screen to Apple M8403 Battery, normal, will have to repair the screen. On-screen signal processing on blocks of micro-chip. The chip with an oscilloscope to see the waveform after processing is correct, sub-three walk (1), if substandard, you can change block of the same model chip. If combined, they check the surrounding capacitors. Second, if does not work, only for block-screen, and because it is the pressure line loose screen. Third, if there is no electricity, will have to check whether the graphics output voltage stability, this part of the voltage to a signal processing chip, and then output to the screen line. If you still voltage or Apple M7318 Battery normal, we can determine is a piece of chip failure. In exchange for the same model chip can have a voltage output to the screen the line, after which you can then check the same with the second.
Motherboard Power Failure:
First, check the motherboard does not power on, measure the power management chip 1632 or 1631 (most of these two chips) and fifth legs have 5 volts, 21,22 feet have 16 volts and 5 volts. See if there is 2951 in this eight-legged film Cece he has 5 apple PowerBook G3 Battery volts.
Does not boot repair methods:
1. To exclude power outlet, the module loose their connections and attachments on the motherboard, cpu loose. Cold solder joint and so on.
2. Check the main power supply fuses, it Apple PowerBook G4 Battery burned, if burning or play a positive resistance value can not be too small or short-circuit response can be ignored! (Excluding electrical fault isolation to enter the next step)
3. Measurement, 3.3v/5v Generation Circuit / cpu the main power supply circuit / battery charging circuit whether the supply voltage = adapter voltage without the corresponding circuit repair.
4. Power On Button
5. Normal supply of electricity should just take a look at the clock circuit is no electricity for more than Apple PowerBook G4 15inch Battery PII machines generally have two power supply 3.3v 2.5 from 3.3v/5v generating circuit and the outer core cpu voltage generator) to find the edge of the circuit test points The chip capacitor. 5. Comparison of headache did not chip reset circuit is not easy to find information on the hard drive on the pc card slot to use the reset pin (do not tell me you do not know what!!!) simple judgments about the whole thing
6. Essentially, it powered the clock reset to normal we will have to refresh BIOS, but the brush must be backed up Apple A1012 Battery before ah.
Clothing of your laptops
Clothing of your laptops
Clothing is used to Apple Laptop Battery cold-naked, notebook case what effect? I put the role of notebook computer casings summarized in the following three main aspects of "protection, heat and beautiful." Now many so-called experts to guide the user to consider when buying notebook computers are mostly CPU frequency, hard disk capacity, screen size and other factors, but did not notice the importance of laptop casing material. In fact, this inconspicuous Laptop Battery shell selection implies a lot of knowledge, for the use of laptop computers in the future play an important role.
The main function is to protect the shell effect, however, the use of laptop computers in the process will inevitably be subject to some external shock, if the notebook computer's external hard materials is not enough, there is the phenomenon of bending may cause the screen to shorten the screen life. Therefore, whether the solid shell material selection is essential, it is to protect the body the most direct way. In addition, the thinner Apple M8511 Battery the bigger screen notebook computer has become a trend, how are external shocks to the notebook PC to provide effective protection even to this case seems insignificant to mention a dilemma.
Secondly, the internal compact notebook computer, inside the CPU, hard drives, motherboards are the big heat, the internal accumulation of the heat out if you can not distribute in a timely manner, the computer would crash, but also caused serious damage to internal components. Notebook computer casings can quickly heat, were also important factors in material. With the popularity of notebook computers and mobile applications increase, consumers are increasingly notebook form factor design value, so laptop case designers in Apple M8244 Battery choosing the material, form, color, weight has become a choice to take into account the elements of . At present, the notebook computer shell materials include three categories: the hardness of the plastic shell, metal alloys and carbon fiber alloy. Early laptop to use more plastic shell hardness, its weight large, the intensity is not high and poor heat dissipation.
A time to start using is not a problem. However, using a long time, there will be varying degrees of wear and deformation of hand by a shell, it seems like you can Xianxia Qu Gupi bomb up again, and good number of the reinforced plastic will not Apple A1079 Battery happen, but a long time there will be a certain degree of wear and tear. Currently on the market apart from a small amount of low-cost notebook computer products, most manufacturers have abandoned this material. Reinforced plastic that is better than aluminum, and alloy composition according to incorporation of different, mainly divided into aluminum-magnesium alloy and titanium alloy materials, and so on. Most manufacturers use the most is the silver magnesium alloy. In fact, not very sturdy magnesium-alloy wear the biggest reason for using this material is very strong cooling effect at the same time lower costs. For the use of Apple A1078 Battery magnesium alloy material for the main advantage of laptops is light and thin, disadvantage is to use a long time, the original silver-white will be worn away, exposing the true colors dark gray; scratch if not careful, then Road scored will be very conspicuous. In order to solve the problems of magnesium alloy, titanium metal in space engineers again introduced a notebook computer casing material. Titanium is a product of the space age, wear resistance and very good, it used mainly for those who require high strength, low weight applications, special occasions, such as aerospace components, aircraft manufacturing and medical equipment. Ti-Al alloy notebook computer shell appeared at the same time solve the Apple A1148 Battery heat and wear problems, indeed to the consumer with a certain amount of benefits, but according to the author learned that the majority of the market adoption of this titanium alloy materials, the proportion of products also only about 2%.
From a subjective perception, the alloy material and plastic material tactile touch to a great difference, when the alloy Pianleng shutdown, boot time, the alloy cooling machine is good, the surface feels the temperature higher. Recently, many high-end products on the market introduction of the incorporation of carbon fiber alloy material. In addition, carbon fiber alloy has good recyclable, and is an environmentally friendly material. As a result of a new type of carbon fiber alloy, these notebook computers Apple M6091 Battery also have color and the outer handle a variety of options. To ASUS S5N acclaimed and M5N Series, for example, carbon fiber alloy to reduce the thickness of the product, weight reduced, but the intensity was 20% higher than the magnesium alloy. Finally, to draw attention to is this: in carrying the notebook computer, the best selected a high-quality bags, which not only enable you to load and easy to carry laptop computers to go to work, but also thought you were the love machine to provide the most pertinent protection, and other items to reduce friction damage. "People rely on dresses, the Buddha by Gold." Dear friends, when in the selection of notebook computers for the material could be sure to carefully, carefully, carefully, hard drives and then large, running for re fast, can be a problem if the packaging looks a dislike using them are not liking, feels not smoothly, buy this laptop but in order to face a Compaq Armada E500 Batter significant loss ah.
Clothing is used to Apple Laptop Battery cold-naked, notebook case what effect? I put the role of notebook computer casings summarized in the following three main aspects of "protection, heat and beautiful." Now many so-called experts to guide the user to consider when buying notebook computers are mostly CPU frequency, hard disk capacity, screen size and other factors, but did not notice the importance of laptop casing material. In fact, this inconspicuous Laptop Battery shell selection implies a lot of knowledge, for the use of laptop computers in the future play an important role.
The main function is to protect the shell effect, however, the use of laptop computers in the process will inevitably be subject to some external shock, if the notebook computer's external hard materials is not enough, there is the phenomenon of bending may cause the screen to shorten the screen life. Therefore, whether the solid shell material selection is essential, it is to protect the body the most direct way. In addition, the thinner Apple M8511 Battery the bigger screen notebook computer has become a trend, how are external shocks to the notebook PC to provide effective protection even to this case seems insignificant to mention a dilemma.
Secondly, the internal compact notebook computer, inside the CPU, hard drives, motherboards are the big heat, the internal accumulation of the heat out if you can not distribute in a timely manner, the computer would crash, but also caused serious damage to internal components. Notebook computer casings can quickly heat, were also important factors in material. With the popularity of notebook computers and mobile applications increase, consumers are increasingly notebook form factor design value, so laptop case designers in Apple M8244 Battery choosing the material, form, color, weight has become a choice to take into account the elements of . At present, the notebook computer shell materials include three categories: the hardness of the plastic shell, metal alloys and carbon fiber alloy. Early laptop to use more plastic shell hardness, its weight large, the intensity is not high and poor heat dissipation.
A time to start using is not a problem. However, using a long time, there will be varying degrees of wear and deformation of hand by a shell, it seems like you can Xianxia Qu Gupi bomb up again, and good number of the reinforced plastic will not Apple A1079 Battery happen, but a long time there will be a certain degree of wear and tear. Currently on the market apart from a small amount of low-cost notebook computer products, most manufacturers have abandoned this material. Reinforced plastic that is better than aluminum, and alloy composition according to incorporation of different, mainly divided into aluminum-magnesium alloy and titanium alloy materials, and so on. Most manufacturers use the most is the silver magnesium alloy. In fact, not very sturdy magnesium-alloy wear the biggest reason for using this material is very strong cooling effect at the same time lower costs. For the use of Apple A1078 Battery magnesium alloy material for the main advantage of laptops is light and thin, disadvantage is to use a long time, the original silver-white will be worn away, exposing the true colors dark gray; scratch if not careful, then Road scored will be very conspicuous. In order to solve the problems of magnesium alloy, titanium metal in space engineers again introduced a notebook computer casing material. Titanium is a product of the space age, wear resistance and very good, it used mainly for those who require high strength, low weight applications, special occasions, such as aerospace components, aircraft manufacturing and medical equipment. Ti-Al alloy notebook computer shell appeared at the same time solve the Apple A1148 Battery heat and wear problems, indeed to the consumer with a certain amount of benefits, but according to the author learned that the majority of the market adoption of this titanium alloy materials, the proportion of products also only about 2%.
From a subjective perception, the alloy material and plastic material tactile touch to a great difference, when the alloy Pianleng shutdown, boot time, the alloy cooling machine is good, the surface feels the temperature higher. Recently, many high-end products on the market introduction of the incorporation of carbon fiber alloy material. In addition, carbon fiber alloy has good recyclable, and is an environmentally friendly material. As a result of a new type of carbon fiber alloy, these notebook computers Apple M6091 Battery also have color and the outer handle a variety of options. To ASUS S5N acclaimed and M5N Series, for example, carbon fiber alloy to reduce the thickness of the product, weight reduced, but the intensity was 20% higher than the magnesium alloy. Finally, to draw attention to is this: in carrying the notebook computer, the best selected a high-quality bags, which not only enable you to load and easy to carry laptop computers to go to work, but also thought you were the love machine to provide the most pertinent protection, and other items to reduce friction damage. "People rely on dresses, the Buddha by Gold." Dear friends, when in the selection of notebook computers for the material could be sure to carefully, carefully, carefully, hard drives and then large, running for re fast, can be a problem if the packaging looks a dislike using them are not liking, feels not smoothly, buy this laptop but in order to face a Compaq Armada E500 Batter significant loss ah.
10/25/09
The use of lithium-ion battery
The use of lithium-ion battery
pay attention to three points:
1, how to charge the battery for a new
The use of lithium Acer Laptop Battery should be noted that a period of time after the battery is placed into hibernation, lower than normal capacity at this time, use of time has also come to shorten. However, lithium batteries can easily activated, as long as after 3-5 times the normal charge-discharge cycles the battery can be activated to restore to normal capacity. As the lithium battery's own characteristics, its decision is almost no memory effect. The new lithium batteries so the user during the activation process does not require special methods and equipment. Not only in theory, this is the case, from my own practice, from the very beginning, the use of standard methods of charging that "activation of natural" approach is the best.
For the lithium battery "activate" problem, many say is: recharge time must be more than 12 hours, repeated three times to do in order to activate the battery. This "The first three necessary and sufficient to charge more than 12 hours" is obviously from the nickel Laptop Battery (such as nickel cadmium and nickel metal hydride) inherited from the argument. Therefore, this argument can be said to misrepresent the very beginning. Lithium batteries and nickel battery charge and discharge characteristics are very big difference, but also very clear to tell you that I have gone through all the serious official stressed that technical information and charge-off will discharge lithium batteries, especially lithium liquid ion battery causing great harm. Accordance with the standard charge and therefore the best time and the standard method of charging, in particular, not to carry out more than 12 hours of super-long charge.
In addition, lithium batteries or the charger will automatically stop after the battery is full charge, there is no electricity nickel charger for 10 hours of the so-called "trickle" charge. In other words, if your lithium batteries in full, on the white charger is also sufficient. And we can not guarantee that no one battery charge and discharge protection circuit features and never change and the quality of safety, so your Acer BTP-73E1 Battery will be at risk of long-term around the edge. This is also another charge against the chief reason.
In addition, in some machines, charging more than a certain time, if they do not remove the charger, this time not only to stop charging system will start to discharge - charge cycle. Perhaps the makers of this approach has its own purpose, it is clear that in terms of battery life is a disadvantage. At the same time, long charging would take a long time, often at night, but to our power grid situation, at night in many places higher than the voltage, but also volatile. As already said, the lithium batteries is very precious, and it more than nickel in the electric charge and discharge aspects of fluctuations in the capacity of resistance is much less, so this brings additional risk.
In addition, another aspect can not be ignored is the lithium Acer BTP-550P Battery is also not suitable for over-discharge, over-discharge of lithium batteries is also very unfavorable. This leads to the following question.
2, normal use should be when to start charging
Because the number of charging and discharging is limited, so should be used up as much as possible the electric battery recharge. But I found one on the lithium-ion battery charge and discharge cycle test table, on the cycle life data is as follows:
Cycle life (10% DOD):> 1000 times
Cycle life (100% DOD):> 200 times
DOD is the depth of discharge in which the English abbreviation. Can be seen from the table, rechargeable number and depth of discharge, 10% DOD cycle life than when the 100% DOD should be much longer. Of course, if the actual charge equivalent to the relative total capacity: 10% * 1000 = 100,100% * 200 = 200, which is the complete charge and discharge is better than some, but in front of friends do say that some of the amendments: normal circumstances, you should have a reserve power in accordance with the battery run out and then filling the remainder of the principle of charging, but if your acer BTP-44A3 Battery is expected in the first two days you can not adhere to the time of the day, they should have started on time charge, of course, if you are willing to back the charger to the office and when.
And you need to recharge in order to cope with the anticipated upcoming busy communications will lead to an important event, even though there are a lot of battery power over time, then you just charge ahead, because you are not really lost, "a" sub-charge cycle life , that is, "0.x" times only, and often this x will be very small.
Run out of battery power and then filling the remainder of the principle is not want you to go to the extreme. And long, like charging a widespread view that "as far as possible the machine run out of battery power, it is best to use automatic shutdown." This is really just practice on nickel batteries, The purpose is to avoid the memory effect occurs, unfortunately, it is also spread of lithium batteries on this. It has been because the machine is too low battery warning appears, still do not charge to continue to use the example has been used in automatic shutdown. The results of this case, the machine later in the charging and starting there was no response, had to give customer service overhaul. In fact, this is due to the excessive discharge as a result of the battery voltage is too low a result that does not have the normal charge and boot conditions.
3, the correct way for lithium batteries
To sum up, the use of lithium Acer BTP-42C1 Battery in the charging and discharging, the most important tips are:
1, in accordance with standards and procedures, charging time, even the first three have to do so;
2, when there is low power consumption machine when prompted, should try to begin charging a timely manner;
3, lithium batteries do not need to activate the special method, in normal use of the machine will naturally activated in lithium batteries. If you insist on spreading the use of "the three previous 12-hour long activation charge" approach, in fact there will be no effect.
Therefore, all the pursuit of super-long 12-hour rechargeable lithium batteries used and the integration of the practice of automatic shutdown, are wrong. If you have previously done in accordance with the wrong argument, please correct in time, perhaps not too late.
4, the use of lithium batteries of fire
Some people might be familiar from Acer BTP-63D1 Battery began to lithium batteries. In fact, it is being used in many household appliances. Needless to say, lithium battery efficient, lightweight, and so its benefits are open to promote the use of rapidly. But, you know, use carelessly, it will make you provoke "fire" upper body?
Lithium batteries have a body of light, high efficiency, low temperature (-40 ℃) etc., 0.3mm thick, stamp-sized lithium battery can be used continuously for more than five years, in recent years are being phased out are used in alkaline batteries and manganese batteries, widely used in many high-end home appliances and mobile handsets.
Unlike lithium batteries are used in batteries and alkaline manganese dry battery of the zinc chloride and potassium hydroxide aqueous electrolyte, which uses an organic solvent. Lithium Battery Cathode use of manganese dioxide, lead fluoride, thionyl chloride and other materials. Anode used in lithium metal foil anode with the general use of zinc chloride batteries compared to ionization tendency of strong, positive and negative voltage difference big, so that the work of improving the effectiveness of lithium batteries.
However, lithium batteries are often in the course of fever, burning phenomenon, the impact of light by the host to use, in serious cases will also cause a fire burned down the host. It is reported that Japan has in recent years there were several causes of Li-ion battery heat caused by the family fires burning.
So why lithium batteries fever, burning it? Many of the original lithium battery materials in contact with water, after severe chemical reaction can occur, and release a lot of heat leading to fever, burning phenomenon. Manganese dioxide lithium battery cathode, only a small drip can dip fever phenomenon. Lithium thionyl chloride batteries in contact with water in the generation of hydrochloric acid and sulfur dioxide, while the release of heat, several factors make life lithium batteries to become the "fire" and therefore people are using lithium batteries must pay attention to water-proof, anti - wet. A variety of host disabled, they should remove the Acer BTP-52EW Battery placed in dry, low temperature at the proper custody, to prevent and avoid inappropriate use of lithium battery fires caused by household accidents.
pay attention to three points:
1, how to charge the battery for a new
The use of lithium Acer Laptop Battery should be noted that a period of time after the battery is placed into hibernation, lower than normal capacity at this time, use of time has also come to shorten. However, lithium batteries can easily activated, as long as after 3-5 times the normal charge-discharge cycles the battery can be activated to restore to normal capacity. As the lithium battery's own characteristics, its decision is almost no memory effect. The new lithium batteries so the user during the activation process does not require special methods and equipment. Not only in theory, this is the case, from my own practice, from the very beginning, the use of standard methods of charging that "activation of natural" approach is the best.
For the lithium battery "activate" problem, many say is: recharge time must be more than 12 hours, repeated three times to do in order to activate the battery. This "The first three necessary and sufficient to charge more than 12 hours" is obviously from the nickel Laptop Battery (such as nickel cadmium and nickel metal hydride) inherited from the argument. Therefore, this argument can be said to misrepresent the very beginning. Lithium batteries and nickel battery charge and discharge characteristics are very big difference, but also very clear to tell you that I have gone through all the serious official stressed that technical information and charge-off will discharge lithium batteries, especially lithium liquid ion battery causing great harm. Accordance with the standard charge and therefore the best time and the standard method of charging, in particular, not to carry out more than 12 hours of super-long charge.
In addition, lithium batteries or the charger will automatically stop after the battery is full charge, there is no electricity nickel charger for 10 hours of the so-called "trickle" charge. In other words, if your lithium batteries in full, on the white charger is also sufficient. And we can not guarantee that no one battery charge and discharge protection circuit features and never change and the quality of safety, so your Acer BTP-73E1 Battery will be at risk of long-term around the edge. This is also another charge against the chief reason.
In addition, in some machines, charging more than a certain time, if they do not remove the charger, this time not only to stop charging system will start to discharge - charge cycle. Perhaps the makers of this approach has its own purpose, it is clear that in terms of battery life is a disadvantage. At the same time, long charging would take a long time, often at night, but to our power grid situation, at night in many places higher than the voltage, but also volatile. As already said, the lithium batteries is very precious, and it more than nickel in the electric charge and discharge aspects of fluctuations in the capacity of resistance is much less, so this brings additional risk.
In addition, another aspect can not be ignored is the lithium Acer BTP-550P Battery is also not suitable for over-discharge, over-discharge of lithium batteries is also very unfavorable. This leads to the following question.
2, normal use should be when to start charging
Because the number of charging and discharging is limited, so should be used up as much as possible the electric battery recharge. But I found one on the lithium-ion battery charge and discharge cycle test table, on the cycle life data is as follows:
Cycle life (10% DOD):> 1000 times
Cycle life (100% DOD):> 200 times
DOD is the depth of discharge in which the English abbreviation. Can be seen from the table, rechargeable number and depth of discharge, 10% DOD cycle life than when the 100% DOD should be much longer. Of course, if the actual charge equivalent to the relative total capacity: 10% * 1000 = 100,100% * 200 = 200, which is the complete charge and discharge is better than some, but in front of friends do say that some of the amendments: normal circumstances, you should have a reserve power in accordance with the battery run out and then filling the remainder of the principle of charging, but if your acer BTP-44A3 Battery is expected in the first two days you can not adhere to the time of the day, they should have started on time charge, of course, if you are willing to back the charger to the office and when.
And you need to recharge in order to cope with the anticipated upcoming busy communications will lead to an important event, even though there are a lot of battery power over time, then you just charge ahead, because you are not really lost, "a" sub-charge cycle life , that is, "0.x" times only, and often this x will be very small.
Run out of battery power and then filling the remainder of the principle is not want you to go to the extreme. And long, like charging a widespread view that "as far as possible the machine run out of battery power, it is best to use automatic shutdown." This is really just practice on nickel batteries, The purpose is to avoid the memory effect occurs, unfortunately, it is also spread of lithium batteries on this. It has been because the machine is too low battery warning appears, still do not charge to continue to use the example has been used in automatic shutdown. The results of this case, the machine later in the charging and starting there was no response, had to give customer service overhaul. In fact, this is due to the excessive discharge as a result of the battery voltage is too low a result that does not have the normal charge and boot conditions.
3, the correct way for lithium batteries
To sum up, the use of lithium Acer BTP-42C1 Battery in the charging and discharging, the most important tips are:
1, in accordance with standards and procedures, charging time, even the first three have to do so;
2, when there is low power consumption machine when prompted, should try to begin charging a timely manner;
3, lithium batteries do not need to activate the special method, in normal use of the machine will naturally activated in lithium batteries. If you insist on spreading the use of "the three previous 12-hour long activation charge" approach, in fact there will be no effect.
Therefore, all the pursuit of super-long 12-hour rechargeable lithium batteries used and the integration of the practice of automatic shutdown, are wrong. If you have previously done in accordance with the wrong argument, please correct in time, perhaps not too late.
4, the use of lithium batteries of fire
Some people might be familiar from Acer BTP-63D1 Battery began to lithium batteries. In fact, it is being used in many household appliances. Needless to say, lithium battery efficient, lightweight, and so its benefits are open to promote the use of rapidly. But, you know, use carelessly, it will make you provoke "fire" upper body?
Lithium batteries have a body of light, high efficiency, low temperature (-40 ℃) etc., 0.3mm thick, stamp-sized lithium battery can be used continuously for more than five years, in recent years are being phased out are used in alkaline batteries and manganese batteries, widely used in many high-end home appliances and mobile handsets.
Unlike lithium batteries are used in batteries and alkaline manganese dry battery of the zinc chloride and potassium hydroxide aqueous electrolyte, which uses an organic solvent. Lithium Battery Cathode use of manganese dioxide, lead fluoride, thionyl chloride and other materials. Anode used in lithium metal foil anode with the general use of zinc chloride batteries compared to ionization tendency of strong, positive and negative voltage difference big, so that the work of improving the effectiveness of lithium batteries.
However, lithium batteries are often in the course of fever, burning phenomenon, the impact of light by the host to use, in serious cases will also cause a fire burned down the host. It is reported that Japan has in recent years there were several causes of Li-ion battery heat caused by the family fires burning.
So why lithium batteries fever, burning it? Many of the original lithium battery materials in contact with water, after severe chemical reaction can occur, and release a lot of heat leading to fever, burning phenomenon. Manganese dioxide lithium battery cathode, only a small drip can dip fever phenomenon. Lithium thionyl chloride batteries in contact with water in the generation of hydrochloric acid and sulfur dioxide, while the release of heat, several factors make life lithium batteries to become the "fire" and therefore people are using lithium batteries must pay attention to water-proof, anti - wet. A variety of host disabled, they should remove the Acer BTP-52EW Battery placed in dry, low temperature at the proper custody, to prevent and avoid inappropriate use of lithium battery fires caused by household accidents.
four attack of your laptop
four attack of your laptop
ARP Attack
ARP attacks Acer Laptop Battery since 2006, it began to spread. Web intrusion protection an ARP attack is disguised as the beginning gateway IP, forwarding messages, to steal a user name and password, will not cause dropped calls. Early ARP attacks will only result in packet loss, or the Ping values increased, and will not cause serious or large-scale dropped dropped.
At this stage, control measures based on ARP ECHO orders, can be solved only for the Laptop Battery purpose of a traditional Daobao ARP attack. On the overall network will not be affected.
But in the ARP ECHO solution was raised, ARP intensified attacks on evolution occurs. The new attack, the use of higher frequency ARP ECHO, pressure over the user's broadcast ARP ECHO. As the issue of broadcast packets too many times, it will slow down the entire LAN, or occupied by the gateway computing power, occurs very slowly or go inside the network card phenomenon. If severe, frequent blink off, or the whole network dropped the Acer TravelMate 240 Battery case.
Intranet IP to deceive
Intranet IP spoofing is widespread in the ARP attack, another attack occurs followed. Disguised attack on the computer the same IP, so that computer generated by the attacks, IP conflicts, can not access. This attack phenomenon, often affects the computer is limited, not large-scale impact.
Intranet IP fraud using two-way binding, it can be effectively addressed. Prepare the acer BTP-60A1 Battery computer first, binding configuration will not be later disguise the impact of the computer. Therefore, the equivalent to a control ARP and IP intranet solution to deceive. If the ARP control using other methods, will have to use another way to deal with.
Intranet Attack
Intranet network computer attacks from the inside to issue a large number of network packets, within the bandwidth occupied. Network management will find a very slow network, Ping routing substitution, I do not know which units affected. Intranet Acer BTP-58A1 Battery attack is usually the user installed the plug-in into the computer issued by the attack. Some of its own internal network attacks will change IP, make network management more difficult to find out who sent the network packet.
We are attacking intranet solutions distinguish from the router, blocking access to the Internet computer network packet sent capacity. Therefore, users will find that if the attacker program testing, immediately dropped the case happened, this is because they are identified as issued by the router attacks on the computer, automatically cut off due. The correct testing method is to use two tests, one issue of attacks on contracted router, another to see if access to the Internet. For the internal network attacks, additional control measures is the use defense switch directly to the computer's physical abnormal-line cut, but have the ability to switch to kill the defense line and Acer TravelMate 220 Battery Inspector embarrassed thin curtain frog cried phenolic structure of good dice?
Extranet Flow Attack
External network attacks from outside attacks, usually occurs in the use of a fixed IP users. Many Internet cafes since the use of a fixed IP, fiber, they will easily become targets of attack outside the network. At the same time because the external network attacks continue to transform the regular IP, is not easy to be denial or tracing. It is to look at the phenomenon of internal network traffic is normal, but the Internet is very slow or are not able to; watch the router WAN traffic, found that the download traffic is jammed, resulting in broadband access is not smooth.
External network traffic attack, can be supplemented by on-line to determine the number, but no easy solution. In some areas may require the ISP to replace IP, but it had several days later, they again attacked. Some users with more than one dynamic IP dial-up ADSL redundancy, dynamic IP on the more difficult to become the target of attacks. Attacks are outside the network traffic offense, may notify the ISP with the law enforcement agencies to trace, but results were not looking great. At present, the external network traffic as it is the most difficult Acer BTP-43D1 Battery to deal with attacks attacks.
ARP Attack
ARP attacks Acer Laptop Battery since 2006, it began to spread. Web intrusion protection an ARP attack is disguised as the beginning gateway IP, forwarding messages, to steal a user name and password, will not cause dropped calls. Early ARP attacks will only result in packet loss, or the Ping values increased, and will not cause serious or large-scale dropped dropped.
At this stage, control measures based on ARP ECHO orders, can be solved only for the Laptop Battery purpose of a traditional Daobao ARP attack. On the overall network will not be affected.
But in the ARP ECHO solution was raised, ARP intensified attacks on evolution occurs. The new attack, the use of higher frequency ARP ECHO, pressure over the user's broadcast ARP ECHO. As the issue of broadcast packets too many times, it will slow down the entire LAN, or occupied by the gateway computing power, occurs very slowly or go inside the network card phenomenon. If severe, frequent blink off, or the whole network dropped the Acer TravelMate 240 Battery case.
Intranet IP to deceive
Intranet IP spoofing is widespread in the ARP attack, another attack occurs followed. Disguised attack on the computer the same IP, so that computer generated by the attacks, IP conflicts, can not access. This attack phenomenon, often affects the computer is limited, not large-scale impact.
Intranet IP fraud using two-way binding, it can be effectively addressed. Prepare the acer BTP-60A1 Battery computer first, binding configuration will not be later disguise the impact of the computer. Therefore, the equivalent to a control ARP and IP intranet solution to deceive. If the ARP control using other methods, will have to use another way to deal with.
Intranet Attack
Intranet network computer attacks from the inside to issue a large number of network packets, within the bandwidth occupied. Network management will find a very slow network, Ping routing substitution, I do not know which units affected. Intranet Acer BTP-58A1 Battery attack is usually the user installed the plug-in into the computer issued by the attack. Some of its own internal network attacks will change IP, make network management more difficult to find out who sent the network packet.
We are attacking intranet solutions distinguish from the router, blocking access to the Internet computer network packet sent capacity. Therefore, users will find that if the attacker program testing, immediately dropped the case happened, this is because they are identified as issued by the router attacks on the computer, automatically cut off due. The correct testing method is to use two tests, one issue of attacks on contracted router, another to see if access to the Internet. For the internal network attacks, additional control measures is the use defense switch directly to the computer's physical abnormal-line cut, but have the ability to switch to kill the defense line and Acer TravelMate 220 Battery Inspector embarrassed thin curtain frog cried phenolic structure of good dice?
Extranet Flow Attack
External network attacks from outside attacks, usually occurs in the use of a fixed IP users. Many Internet cafes since the use of a fixed IP, fiber, they will easily become targets of attack outside the network. At the same time because the external network attacks continue to transform the regular IP, is not easy to be denial or tracing. It is to look at the phenomenon of internal network traffic is normal, but the Internet is very slow or are not able to; watch the router WAN traffic, found that the download traffic is jammed, resulting in broadband access is not smooth.
External network traffic attack, can be supplemented by on-line to determine the number, but no easy solution. In some areas may require the ISP to replace IP, but it had several days later, they again attacked. Some users with more than one dynamic IP dial-up ADSL redundancy, dynamic IP on the more difficult to become the target of attacks. Attacks are outside the network traffic offense, may notify the ISP with the law enforcement agencies to trace, but results were not looking great. At present, the external network traffic as it is the most difficult Acer BTP-43D1 Battery to deal with attacks attacks.
10/22/09
Overview of Lithium Battery
Overview of Lithium Battery
Li-ion Asus A42-A3 Battery is a class of lithium metal or lithium alloy anode material, the use of non-aqueous electrolyte solution batteries. First appeared in the lithium battery from the great inventor Thomas Edison, using the following reaction:
Li + MnO2 = LiMnO2
The reaction for oxidation-reduction reaction, discharge.
As a result of the chemical properties of lithium metal is very lively, making lithium Asus Laptop Battery metal processing, preservation, use, very high demands on the environment. Therefore, long-term lithium batteries have not been applied.
However, lithium batteries have become the mainstream.
The characteristics of lithium batteries
1, with a higher power-weight ratio, energy volume ratio;
2, high voltage, single-cell lithium battery voltage of 3.6V, approximately equivalent to three nickel-cadmium or nickel-metal hydride rechargeable battery voltage of the series;
3, Hsiao Ke prolonged storage of self-discharge, which is the most prominent advantages of the battery;
4, poor safety performance lithium batteries;
What is the specific energy it? Than energy refers to the unit weight Laptop Battery or unit volume of energy. With specific energy Wh / kg or Wh / L to indicate. Wh is a unit of energy, W is watts, h is the hour; kg is 1000 grams (weight units), L is liters (volume units).
The structure of lithium batteries
Lithium batteries usually have two kinds of shape: cylindrical and long square.
Battery internal spiral winding structure, with a very elaborate and highly permeable material in polyethylene film isolate positive and negative interval formed. Cathode including lithium and cobalt dioxide, lithium-ion composition and the collector current is composed of aluminum thin film collector. Formed by a sheet of carbon anode materials of lithium-ion collector and copper thin film composed of the composition of the current collector. Rechargeable batteries with organic electrolyte solution. PTC is also equipped with safety valves and components, so that the battery in an abnormal state and output short-circuit the battery to protect against damage.
Single-cell lithium battery voltage is 3.6V, the Acer BTP-ARJ1 Battery capacity can not be infinite, therefore, often single-cell lithium batteries and parallel processing, in order to meet the requirements of different occasions.
The application of lithium batteries
As the twentieth century, the development of microelectronics technology, miniaturization of devices has increased, the power put forward a very high demand. Li-ion battery had entered a practical stage of large-scale.
To be applied in the first cardiac pacemaker. As the lithium battery self-discharge rate is very low, flat discharge voltage. Makes the pacemaker implanted in human long-term use is possible.
Lithium batteries are generally higher than the nominal voltage of 3.0 volts, more suitable for Acer BTP-AQJ1 Battery integrated circuit power supply. Manganese dioxide battery, widely used in computers, calculators, cameras, wristwatches.
Now, a large number of lithium batteries used in mobile phones, it can be said to be the largest group of applications.
Study of lithium batteries
In order to develop a performance superior varieties, people of various materials were studied. Thereby creating an unprecedented product. For example, lithium sulfur dioxide batteries and lithium-thionyl chloride batteries is very characteristic. Their is also a positive active material and electrolyte solvent. This structure is only in the non-aqueous electrochemical system, to appear. Therefore, the lithium battery research, but also contributed to Acer BTP-APJ1 Battery the electrochemical theory of non-aqueous system development. In addition to using a variety of non-aqueous solvent, the polymer film was also carried out cell research.
The role of lithium-ion battery
Lithium-ion batteries currently liquid lithium-ion battery (LIB) and polymer lithium-ion battery (PLB) categories. Among them, liquid lithium-ion battery is the Li + intercalation compound as the positive and negative secondary battery. LiCoO2 cathode using lithium compounds or LiMn2O4, negative use of lithium - carbon intercalation compounds. Lithium-ion batteries as a result of the high voltage, small size, light weight, high energy, no memory effect, no pollution, little self-discharge, long cycle life and is ideal for the 21st century energy.
Successfully developed in 1992, Sony lithium-ion batteries. It's practical, so that people's mobile phones, notebook computers and other portable electronic devices greatly reduced weight and size. Greatly extend the usage time. As the lithium-ion Acer Aspire 1300 Battery do not contain chromium, as compared with the nickel-chromium batteries, greatly reducing the environmental pollution.
History of lithium-ion battery
Lithium batteries and lithium-ion batteries in the 20th century developed a new high-energy batteries. This battery Hang wall osprey bran Ren nO2, SOCL2, (CFx) n and so on. 70 years into practical use. Because of its high energy, battery voltage high operating temperature range, long storage life, etc., has been widely used in military and civilian small appliances, such as mobile phones, portable computers, camcorders, cameras and so on, in part to replace the traditional Acer LCBTP03003 Battery.
Li-ion Asus A42-A3 Battery is a class of lithium metal or lithium alloy anode material, the use of non-aqueous electrolyte solution batteries. First appeared in the lithium battery from the great inventor Thomas Edison, using the following reaction:
Li + MnO2 = LiMnO2
The reaction for oxidation-reduction reaction, discharge.
As a result of the chemical properties of lithium metal is very lively, making lithium Asus Laptop Battery metal processing, preservation, use, very high demands on the environment. Therefore, long-term lithium batteries have not been applied.
However, lithium batteries have become the mainstream.
The characteristics of lithium batteries
1, with a higher power-weight ratio, energy volume ratio;
2, high voltage, single-cell lithium battery voltage of 3.6V, approximately equivalent to three nickel-cadmium or nickel-metal hydride rechargeable battery voltage of the series;
3, Hsiao Ke prolonged storage of self-discharge, which is the most prominent advantages of the battery;
4, poor safety performance lithium batteries;
What is the specific energy it? Than energy refers to the unit weight Laptop Battery or unit volume of energy. With specific energy Wh / kg or Wh / L to indicate. Wh is a unit of energy, W is watts, h is the hour; kg is 1000 grams (weight units), L is liters (volume units).
The structure of lithium batteries
Lithium batteries usually have two kinds of shape: cylindrical and long square.
Battery internal spiral winding structure, with a very elaborate and highly permeable material in polyethylene film isolate positive and negative interval formed. Cathode including lithium and cobalt dioxide, lithium-ion composition and the collector current is composed of aluminum thin film collector. Formed by a sheet of carbon anode materials of lithium-ion collector and copper thin film composed of the composition of the current collector. Rechargeable batteries with organic electrolyte solution. PTC is also equipped with safety valves and components, so that the battery in an abnormal state and output short-circuit the battery to protect against damage.
Single-cell lithium battery voltage is 3.6V, the Acer BTP-ARJ1 Battery capacity can not be infinite, therefore, often single-cell lithium batteries and parallel processing, in order to meet the requirements of different occasions.
The application of lithium batteries
As the twentieth century, the development of microelectronics technology, miniaturization of devices has increased, the power put forward a very high demand. Li-ion battery had entered a practical stage of large-scale.
To be applied in the first cardiac pacemaker. As the lithium battery self-discharge rate is very low, flat discharge voltage. Makes the pacemaker implanted in human long-term use is possible.
Lithium batteries are generally higher than the nominal voltage of 3.0 volts, more suitable for Acer BTP-AQJ1 Battery integrated circuit power supply. Manganese dioxide battery, widely used in computers, calculators, cameras, wristwatches.
Now, a large number of lithium batteries used in mobile phones, it can be said to be the largest group of applications.
Study of lithium batteries
In order to develop a performance superior varieties, people of various materials were studied. Thereby creating an unprecedented product. For example, lithium sulfur dioxide batteries and lithium-thionyl chloride batteries is very characteristic. Their is also a positive active material and electrolyte solvent. This structure is only in the non-aqueous electrochemical system, to appear. Therefore, the lithium battery research, but also contributed to Acer BTP-APJ1 Battery the electrochemical theory of non-aqueous system development. In addition to using a variety of non-aqueous solvent, the polymer film was also carried out cell research.
The role of lithium-ion battery
Lithium-ion batteries currently liquid lithium-ion battery (LIB) and polymer lithium-ion battery (PLB) categories. Among them, liquid lithium-ion battery is the Li + intercalation compound as the positive and negative secondary battery. LiCoO2 cathode using lithium compounds or LiMn2O4, negative use of lithium - carbon intercalation compounds. Lithium-ion batteries as a result of the high voltage, small size, light weight, high energy, no memory effect, no pollution, little self-discharge, long cycle life and is ideal for the 21st century energy.
Successfully developed in 1992, Sony lithium-ion batteries. It's practical, so that people's mobile phones, notebook computers and other portable electronic devices greatly reduced weight and size. Greatly extend the usage time. As the lithium-ion Acer Aspire 1300 Battery do not contain chromium, as compared with the nickel-chromium batteries, greatly reducing the environmental pollution.
History of lithium-ion battery
Lithium batteries and lithium-ion batteries in the 20th century developed a new high-energy batteries. This battery Hang wall osprey bran Ren nO2, SOCL2, (CFx) n and so on. 70 years into practical use. Because of its high energy, battery voltage high operating temperature range, long storage life, etc., has been widely used in military and civilian small appliances, such as mobile phones, portable computers, camcorders, cameras and so on, in part to replace the traditional Acer LCBTP03003 Battery.
Lithium-ion battery development prospects
Lithium-ion battery development prospects
Lithium-ion Acer TravelMate 4500 Battery for its unique performance advantages in portable appliances such as laptop computers, cameras, mobile communications are universally applied. At present the development of large-capacity lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicle to start a trial, expected to become the 21st century, the power of electric vehicles, one of the main driving force, and a satellite, aerospace and energy storage aspects applied. With the energy shortage and global environmental pressures. Lithium is now widely used in electric vehicle industry, especially iron phosphate lithium battery materials, the appearance, they also promote the development of the lithium battery industry and application.
The basic performance of the battery
(1) the battery open circuit voltage
(2) The battery internal resistance
(3) The battery voltage
(4) The charging voltage
Charging voltage is the secondary Acer Aspire 1410 Battery charging, the external power added to the battery voltage at both ends. The basic method of charging Youheng current charging and constant voltage charging. Generally use the constant current charging, the characteristics of the process of charging the charge current constant. As the charging progresses, the active substance was restored, the electrode reaction area is shrinking, the electrical polarization gradually increased.
(5) Battery Capacity
Battery capacity refers to the amount of electricity from the battery to obtain, often C, said the unit, said common Ah or mAh. The electrical properties of the battery capacity is an important indicator. The battery capacity is usually divided into theoretical capacity, practical capacity and rated capacity.
The capacity of the battery capacity of the decision by the electrodes, if the electrode capacity Acer Laptop Battery varies depending on the capacity of the battery capacity that smaller electrodes, but by no means the sum of positive and negative capacities.
(6), the storage battery performance and life of
One of the main characteristics of chemical power sources is used to release electrical energy can be stored when not in power. The so-called secondary battery for storage performance is to maintain the ability to recharge your batteries.
For the secondary battery, battery performance measure of good or bad, when life is an important parameter. Following a secondary battery charge and discharge, is called a cycle (or have been in this cycle). At a certain charge and discharge system, the battery capacity reaches a certain specified value before the battery can withstand the charge and discharge times known as the secondary battery life cycle. Lithium-ion batteries have excellent storage performance and long cycle life.
The characteristics of lithium-ion Laptop Battery
A. High-energy density
Lithium-ion batteries are the same weight capacity nickel-cadmium or nickel-hydrogen batteries for half of the volume is 40-50% nickel cadmium, nickel hydrogen 20-30%.
B. High-Voltage
A lithium-ion battery voltage of the monomer 3.6V (average), equivalent to three series of nickel-cadmium or nickel metal hydride batteries.
C. pollution
Lithium-ion batteries do not contain, such as cadmium, lead, mercury, like the harmful metals.
D. non-lithium
Lithium-ion batteries contain lithium metal, which is not on the Prohibition of the transport plane carrying lithium batteries on aircraft restrictions.
E. High cycle life
Under normal conditions, the lithium-ion battery charge and discharge cycles of more than 500 times.
F. No memory effect
Memory effect refers to the nickel-cadmium battery charge-discharge cycle, the Acer Aspire 1680 Battery capacity decrease. Lithium-ion batteries do not exist this effect.
G. Fast Charge
Rated voltage of 4.2V using a constant-current constant-voltage charger can make lithium-ion batteries in one to two hours to be fully charged.
Lithium battery protection circuit
By the two FET and special protection Manifold S - 8232 composition, over and over-charge control tubes FET2 discharge control tube FET1 series in the circuit to protect IC from the battery voltage is monitored and controlled, when the battery voltage up to 4.2V When, over-charging protection tube FET1 deadline, stop charging. To prevent malfunction, generally outside the circuit plus a delay capacitor. When the battery in a discharged state, the battery voltage down to 2.55V, the excessive discharge control tube FET1 deadline to stop power to the load. Over-current protection is greater when the load current flows out of date, control FET1 to close to stop the load discharge, the purpose is to protect the battery and FET. Over-current detection is the use of FET on-resistance as a sense resistor to monitor its voltage drop, when the voltage drop exceeds a set value, to stop discharging. In the circuit there is also generally added delay circuit to distinguish between inrush current and short-circuit current. The circuit is fully Acer TravelMate 2300 Battery functional, reliable performance, but are highly specialized and dedicated Manifold difficult to buy, easy amateur imitation.
Because Li + battery overcharge or over-discharge may cause an explosion and cause personal injury, so the use of such batteries, security is a major concern. Therefore, the commercial lithium-ion batteries typically include a protection circuit such as the DS2720 (Figure 7). DS2720 provides a rechargeable Li + batteries all the necessary protection features, such as: to protect the battery during charging to prevent the circuit overcurrent, by limiting the discharge voltage of the battery to extend battery life. The circuit diagram above. .
Simple charging circuit
At present, many businesses to sell without charging a single-board lithium battery. Its superior performance, low cost, can be used for home-made products and the maintenance of substitution lithium battery pack, so well received by the electronic enthusiasts love. Interested readers can refer to Figure 2 produce a charge sheet. The principle is: use a constant voltage to the battery, ensuring that no overcharge. Input DC voltage is higher than the 3-volt rechargeable Acer TravelMate 4000 Battery can be. R1, Q1, W1, TL431 adjustable precision regulator circuits formed, Q2, W2, R2 constitute the adjustable constant current circuit, Q3, R3, R4, R5, LED charging indicator for the circuit. With the rechargeable battery voltage was increased, the charge current will gradually decrease until the battery is full after the voltage drop on R4 will be reduced, so that Q3 ended, LED will be extinguished, in order to ensure the battery can be sufficient, please continue after lights out Charge 1-2 hours. When used please Q2, Q3 fitted with a suitable heat sink. Advantage of this circuit are: production of simple, easy to purchase components, charging safety, display and intuitive, and will not damage the battery. By changing the W1 series can be multiple-rechargeable lithium battery and change the W2 can be carried out large-scale charge current regulation. The disadvantage is that: no over-discharge control circuit.
Application of single-cell lithium battery for example
1, substitution of products for battery maintenance, many batteries: such as notebook computers that used by the maintenance found that damage to the battery pack when the battery is only an isolated problem. Can be the appropriate choice of a single lithium battery replacement.
2, producing bright mini flashlight I had used a single 3.6V1.6AH lithium Acer TravelMate 290 Battery with an ultra-bright white LED made of a micro-torch, easy to use, compact appearance. And because the battery capacity, the average nightly use of half an hour, has been more than two months remain before needing to recharge.
3, instead of 3V power supply
As a single lithium battery voltage of 3.6V. Therefore, only a lithium battery can be replaced by two regular batteries, to the radio, Walkman, cameras and other small household electrical appliances power supply, not only light weight, but also a long time of continuous use.
Lithium battery saved
After the lithium batteries need to save enough electricity. In more than six months can be stored at 20 ℃, showing that lithium batteries suitable for preservation at low temperatures. It has been suggested that rechargeable battery placed in the refrigerator interior preservation, is indeed a good idea.
There is the phenomenon of self-discharge of lithium batteries for a long time to save battery depletion will lead to the destruction of the internal structure of the battery, reducing battery life. Therefore, long-term preservation of the lithium Acer BATCL50L Battery should be every 3 to 6 months make up power once, that is charged to voltage of 3.8 ~ 3.9V (Li-ion battery voltage of 3.85V the best save so) is appropriate.
Lithium-ion Acer TravelMate 4500 Battery for its unique performance advantages in portable appliances such as laptop computers, cameras, mobile communications are universally applied. At present the development of large-capacity lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicle to start a trial, expected to become the 21st century, the power of electric vehicles, one of the main driving force, and a satellite, aerospace and energy storage aspects applied. With the energy shortage and global environmental pressures. Lithium is now widely used in electric vehicle industry, especially iron phosphate lithium battery materials, the appearance, they also promote the development of the lithium battery industry and application.
The basic performance of the battery
(1) the battery open circuit voltage
(2) The battery internal resistance
(3) The battery voltage
(4) The charging voltage
Charging voltage is the secondary Acer Aspire 1410 Battery charging, the external power added to the battery voltage at both ends. The basic method of charging Youheng current charging and constant voltage charging. Generally use the constant current charging, the characteristics of the process of charging the charge current constant. As the charging progresses, the active substance was restored, the electrode reaction area is shrinking, the electrical polarization gradually increased.
(5) Battery Capacity
Battery capacity refers to the amount of electricity from the battery to obtain, often C, said the unit, said common Ah or mAh. The electrical properties of the battery capacity is an important indicator. The battery capacity is usually divided into theoretical capacity, practical capacity and rated capacity.
The capacity of the battery capacity of the decision by the electrodes, if the electrode capacity Acer Laptop Battery varies depending on the capacity of the battery capacity that smaller electrodes, but by no means the sum of positive and negative capacities.
(6), the storage battery performance and life of
One of the main characteristics of chemical power sources is used to release electrical energy can be stored when not in power. The so-called secondary battery for storage performance is to maintain the ability to recharge your batteries.
For the secondary battery, battery performance measure of good or bad, when life is an important parameter. Following a secondary battery charge and discharge, is called a cycle (or have been in this cycle). At a certain charge and discharge system, the battery capacity reaches a certain specified value before the battery can withstand the charge and discharge times known as the secondary battery life cycle. Lithium-ion batteries have excellent storage performance and long cycle life.
The characteristics of lithium-ion Laptop Battery
A. High-energy density
Lithium-ion batteries are the same weight capacity nickel-cadmium or nickel-hydrogen batteries for half of the volume is 40-50% nickel cadmium, nickel hydrogen 20-30%.
B. High-Voltage
A lithium-ion battery voltage of the monomer 3.6V (average), equivalent to three series of nickel-cadmium or nickel metal hydride batteries.
C. pollution
Lithium-ion batteries do not contain, such as cadmium, lead, mercury, like the harmful metals.
D. non-lithium
Lithium-ion batteries contain lithium metal, which is not on the Prohibition of the transport plane carrying lithium batteries on aircraft restrictions.
E. High cycle life
Under normal conditions, the lithium-ion battery charge and discharge cycles of more than 500 times.
F. No memory effect
Memory effect refers to the nickel-cadmium battery charge-discharge cycle, the Acer Aspire 1680 Battery capacity decrease. Lithium-ion batteries do not exist this effect.
G. Fast Charge
Rated voltage of 4.2V using a constant-current constant-voltage charger can make lithium-ion batteries in one to two hours to be fully charged.
Lithium battery protection circuit
By the two FET and special protection Manifold S - 8232 composition, over and over-charge control tubes FET2 discharge control tube FET1 series in the circuit to protect IC from the battery voltage is monitored and controlled, when the battery voltage up to 4.2V When, over-charging protection tube FET1 deadline, stop charging. To prevent malfunction, generally outside the circuit plus a delay capacitor. When the battery in a discharged state, the battery voltage down to 2.55V, the excessive discharge control tube FET1 deadline to stop power to the load. Over-current protection is greater when the load current flows out of date, control FET1 to close to stop the load discharge, the purpose is to protect the battery and FET. Over-current detection is the use of FET on-resistance as a sense resistor to monitor its voltage drop, when the voltage drop exceeds a set value, to stop discharging. In the circuit there is also generally added delay circuit to distinguish between inrush current and short-circuit current. The circuit is fully Acer TravelMate 2300 Battery functional, reliable performance, but are highly specialized and dedicated Manifold difficult to buy, easy amateur imitation.
Because Li + battery overcharge or over-discharge may cause an explosion and cause personal injury, so the use of such batteries, security is a major concern. Therefore, the commercial lithium-ion batteries typically include a protection circuit such as the DS2720 (Figure 7). DS2720 provides a rechargeable Li + batteries all the necessary protection features, such as: to protect the battery during charging to prevent the circuit overcurrent, by limiting the discharge voltage of the battery to extend battery life. The circuit diagram above. .
Simple charging circuit
At present, many businesses to sell without charging a single-board lithium battery. Its superior performance, low cost, can be used for home-made products and the maintenance of substitution lithium battery pack, so well received by the electronic enthusiasts love. Interested readers can refer to Figure 2 produce a charge sheet. The principle is: use a constant voltage to the battery, ensuring that no overcharge. Input DC voltage is higher than the 3-volt rechargeable Acer TravelMate 4000 Battery can be. R1, Q1, W1, TL431 adjustable precision regulator circuits formed, Q2, W2, R2 constitute the adjustable constant current circuit, Q3, R3, R4, R5, LED charging indicator for the circuit. With the rechargeable battery voltage was increased, the charge current will gradually decrease until the battery is full after the voltage drop on R4 will be reduced, so that Q3 ended, LED will be extinguished, in order to ensure the battery can be sufficient, please continue after lights out Charge 1-2 hours. When used please Q2, Q3 fitted with a suitable heat sink. Advantage of this circuit are: production of simple, easy to purchase components, charging safety, display and intuitive, and will not damage the battery. By changing the W1 series can be multiple-rechargeable lithium battery and change the W2 can be carried out large-scale charge current regulation. The disadvantage is that: no over-discharge control circuit.
Application of single-cell lithium battery for example
1, substitution of products for battery maintenance, many batteries: such as notebook computers that used by the maintenance found that damage to the battery pack when the battery is only an isolated problem. Can be the appropriate choice of a single lithium battery replacement.
2, producing bright mini flashlight I had used a single 3.6V1.6AH lithium Acer TravelMate 290 Battery with an ultra-bright white LED made of a micro-torch, easy to use, compact appearance. And because the battery capacity, the average nightly use of half an hour, has been more than two months remain before needing to recharge.
3, instead of 3V power supply
As a single lithium battery voltage of 3.6V. Therefore, only a lithium battery can be replaced by two regular batteries, to the radio, Walkman, cameras and other small household electrical appliances power supply, not only light weight, but also a long time of continuous use.
Lithium battery saved
After the lithium batteries need to save enough electricity. In more than six months can be stored at 20 ℃, showing that lithium batteries suitable for preservation at low temperatures. It has been suggested that rechargeable battery placed in the refrigerator interior preservation, is indeed a good idea.
There is the phenomenon of self-discharge of lithium batteries for a long time to save battery depletion will lead to the destruction of the internal structure of the battery, reducing battery life. Therefore, long-term preservation of the lithium Acer BATCL50L Battery should be every 3 to 6 months make up power once, that is charged to voltage of 3.8 ~ 3.9V (Li-ion battery voltage of 3.85V the best save so) is appropriate.
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